Topic Test Answers

In order to test a nondirectional hypothesis, a researcher would use a __________ test. A.one-tailedB.alternativeC.criticalD.two-tailed

A Type I statistical error occurs when a researcher claims that there is not enough support to establish significance for the research hypothesis, but in fact there is enough.

When a psychologist wants to conduct a research study, the study design will be reviewed for ethical standards before a(n) __________.A.college exam boardB.institutional review boardC.experiment submission boardD.alimentary consideration board

Which of the following statements concerning correlation analysis is not true?A.A researcher may claim that one variable influences another if test results are significant. B.A researcher may claim that variables are related to each other if test results are significant.C.A researcher may claim that one variable causes another to occur if test results are significant.D.A researcher may claim that one variable can predict the outcome of another if test results are significant.

It is the obligation of researchers to review and comment on the research of other researchers.

Which of the following statements describes integrity? A. honesty regulated by a governmental regulatory committee B. honesty as dictated by the school a person attends C. honesty regulated by a person’s sense of right and wrong D. honesty as dictated by an authority figure, like the president Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Which of the following statements concerning statistical probability is not true?A.Probability involves the level of certainty a researcher has in a circumstance or event taking place.B.Probability influences how much a researcher is able to generalize research results back to the population.C.Probability influences whether or not a researcher can claim statistical significance.D.Probability levels for finding statistical significance increase as statistical power decreases.

A significance error is an error that occurs from drawing an incorrect conclusion about the __________ within a study. A.critical value levelB.level of statistical support C.number of participants D.level of power

Standard deviation refers to the __________.A.statistics used to organize, summarize, and describe sample dataB.value within a given set of data in its original formC.average distance between variable scores and the mean in a set of dataD.difference between the largest and smallest variable scores in a set of data

Ethical communication with clients dictates that psychologists will keep their conversations confidential unless required by law.

Statistics can increase knowledge in all of the following ways except __________.A.addressing gaps of information that exist within variable relationshipsB.providing information used to improve psychological and medical practicesC.providing nonuseful information on ways to improve the educational systemD.providing more clarity about confusing variable relationships

In the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, what information did researchers keep from their subjects about their illnesses?A.They were told they had a rare form of syphilis.B.They were not treated for or told they had cancer.C.They were told they had a sexually transmitted infection.D.They were not treated for or told they had syphilis.

Statistics assists in establishing practical guidelines for improvement.

Current ethical standards for psychology experiments were established by Freud in the 1920s.

Plagiarism is unethical because it implies that __________.A.all of the sources used are only helpful for limited purposesB.the author being plagiarized endorses the plagiarized workC.the work that one has plagiarized is an original creationD.one doesn’t care about the confidentiality of the research

Animal research is a recent scientific invention.

Which of the following is not a reason psychologists may subject an animal used in research to pain, stress, or hardship?A.When an alternative procedure is unavailable.B.When the goal is justified by its prospective educational value.C.When the goal of the study is justified by its probable scientific value.D.When the goal is justified by the potential for recognition.

Raw data often appears in published scientific journals.

Psychological research has been deemed sexist at times because most psychology researchers and study subjects are male. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Statistical power is influenced by all of the following except __________. A.significance errorB.critical value levelC.observed test valueD.sample size