Answers5120VB Environmental Science Sem B- BTopic Test

Topic Test Answers

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21
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Many cities in southeast Michigan are struggling with financial problems due to current economic conditions. At the same time, southeast Michigan is having one of the worst winters on record for snowfall amounts and hazardous road conditions. Which of the following unresolved problems would be a direct result of these two factors?

A
city workers working longer hours to keep up with the snowfall amounts
B
more city workers than the current financial budget can afford
C
less city workers to plow the streets causing an increase in the number of car accidents during the winter months
D
an increase in the number of damaged snow plows
22
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Why do many fishermen support efforts to protect and restore mangrove forests?

A
Most fishermen are environmentalists.
B
Many fish breed in mangrove forests.
C
They lay their nets in mangrove forests.
D
Mangrove forests provide valuable hardwoods.
23

Reefs grow best in _______.

A
deep water
B
low salinity
C
temperatures below 25°C
D
shallow water
24

The U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was aimed at understanding _______.

A
the ocean carbon cycle
B
the ocean phosphorous cycle
C
global warming
D
fish breeding patterns
25

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between coral reefs and aquatic organisms?

A
Aquatic organisms have only a predatory relationship with coral reefs.
B
Coral reefs provide aquatic organisms with resources but derive no benefits in return.
C
Coral reefs provide resources for aquatic organisms and derive resources from other organisms as well.
D
Aquatic organisms live independently of coral reefs.
26

Which of the following is not true concerning salt marshes?

A
Historically they were drained for agriculture.
B
Historically they were drained for development.
C
Salt marshes are not productive habitats.
D
Remaining marshes are severely degraded.
27

The principle difference between where salt marshes and mangrove forests grow is the salinity of the water.

A
T
B
F
28

Which of the following is an impact of fishing on fisheries?

A
an increase of fishery health
B
an increase in fishery populations
C
the discovery of new fisheries
D
none of the above
29

Which of the following best explains the role of deep sea coral reefs in the environment?

A
They are responsible for fouling fishing lines.
B
They are a quick-growing food source for deep water predators.
C
They provide a critical habitat for many other organisms.
D
They are a record of past climate conditions.
30

Long line fishing, drift nets, and trawling all produce an insignificant amount of by-catch.

A
T
B
F
31

Why are coral reefs overexploited?

A
Coral is an important food resource.
B
Coral and its organisms are valuable commodities in the aquarium industry.
C
Coral reefs inhibit recreational activities.
D
All of the above
32

Methane hydrates are _______.

A
a potential new source of natural gas
B
the largest reserve of methane on Earth
C
releasing methane as the arctic warms
D
all of the above
33

Coral reefs are one of the oldest ecosystems on Earth.

A
T
B
F
34

Legislation has been ineffective at preserving coral reefs.

A
T
B
F
35

The salinity in salt marshes can vary throughout the day because _______.

A
river flow changes throughout the day
B
the amount of salt water in a marsh depends upon ocean tides
C
daily winds and rains result in salt and fresh water mixing
D
salt water collects in the lowest elevations
36

Students in Mr. Klein’s chemistry class are conducting an experiment to calculate the specific heat of a copper sample. Mr. Klein requires each lab team to repeat the experiment until their percent error is 2% or less. Percent error is calculated using observed values (those students calculate from their lab results) and the true value (the accepted value based on reference). The formula for percent error is: (observed – true) x 100 true If the accepted value for the specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g°C, which of the following lab teams have an unresolved problem on their hands?

A
team 1: calculates 0.390 J/gºC
B
team 2: calculates 0.395 J/gºC
C
both teams
D
neither team
37

How has human use of salt marshes changed over time?

A
Humans have come to value salt marshes and now seek to preserve and restore them.
B
Humans now use drained salt marshes exclusively for agriculture.
C
Humans have begun to use salt marshes for landfills.
D
Humans have begun to use marsh land for housing and commercial development.
38

Coral bleaching occurs when a colony of polyps are under stress.

A
T
B
F
39

The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) is best described as _______.

A
a public and private partnership to increase understanding of the oceans
B
a program to improve ocean safety
C
a partnership aimed at protecting the environment
D
all of the above
40

Deep sea corals can be hundreds or thousands of years old.

A
T
B
F

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