Topic Test Answers

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5

Explain how the biosphere facilitates movement of water from the geosphere to the atmosphere.

Answer:

The biosphere includes all living components of the Earth. Plants, a part of the biosphere, pull water from the ground, part of the geosphere, for their use in the process of creating food. Water from the plants is incorporated into the atmosphere through a process called transpiration, where water from the plant evaporates and enters the atmosphere.

7

What are some advantages of tracking changes in the climate system?

Answer:

Tracking changes in the climate system can help forecast weather conditions. It can also help predict natural disasters, such as hurricanes. Another advantage of tracking changes in the climate system is the ability to determine human impact on the climate system.

8

Explain how the biosphere interacts with the atmosphere.

Answer:

Plants in the biosphere consume carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and emit oxygen back into the atmosphere as a result of photosynthesis. Animals consume oxygen from the atmosphere and emit carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere as a result of cellular respiration.

12

What makes life on the Earth possible?

Answer:

The balance between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere make life on Earth possible. Each component of the Earth system interacts with the others to exchange matter and make life possible.

13

Compare positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

Answer:

Positive feedback mechanisms increase or amplify change in a system, while negative feedback mechanisms oppose or reduce change and help keep the system stable.

14

Compare the use of coal to the use of petroleum from 1800 to 2004.

Answer:

The use of coal has steadily increased from 1800 to 2004. Burning coal was the leading cause of global fossil carbon emissions until around 1970, when the petroleum became the leading cause of global fossil carbon emissions. Petroleum use rose quickly after 1950.

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