Answers5120VA Environmental Science Sem ACareers in Environmental Science

Topic Test Answers

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21
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Consider the following food chain: Plants are eaten by grasshoppers, which are eaten by mice, which are eaten by snakes. What will happen to the other members of the food chain if the grasshoppers are removed?

A
the number of plants will increase, the number of mice will decrease, the number of snakes will decrease
B
the number of plants will decrease, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will increase
C
the number of plants will decrease, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will decrease
D
the number of plants will increase, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will increase
22
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Which of the following are characteristics of generalist species?

A
small habitat and restricted diet
B
large habitat and varied diet
C
restricted diet and physiological adaptations
D
behavioral and physiological adaptations
23

Which statement does not describe freshwater and saltwater ecosystems accurately?

A
Both support a large number of plants and animals adapted for aquatic living.
B
The primary producers in saltwater and freshwater ecosystems are amoebas.
C
Freshwater ecosystems have a very low salt concentration and include ponds, lakes, streams, wetlands, and rivers.
D
Saltwater ecosystems have a high salt concentration and include oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries.
26

Ecosystems with greater biodiversity have an increased stability.

A
T
B
F
27

Organisms can have positive or negative impacts on the ecosystem they live in. The cane toad, or Rhinella marina, was introduced to the Hawaiian Islands in 1932 by sugar cane farmers. Farmers released the toads in their crops to help control pests that were damaging the sugar cane. The cane toad has few natural predators, as it secretes a poisonous toxin from its skin that deters larger organisms from eating it. As a result, the cane toad population thrived and grew to number hundreds of thousands by 1935. Photo by Patrick Gijsbers Which role does the cane toad play in the Hawaiian Islands?

Question illustration
A
native species
B
invasive species
C
uncontrolled species
D
endangered species
28

Which marine habitats would have the least access to primary producers?

A
salt marshes and estuaries
B
coral reefs and lagoons
C
mangroves and intertidal zones
D
deep sea and sea floor
29

Which of the following aquatic environments would not freeze in winter?

A
lake
B
pond
C
salt marsh
D
stream
30

Bacteria living in the soil are dependent upon which of the following abiotic factors?

A
plant root structures and oxygen content
B
soil temperature and water content
C
nitrogen content and insect activity
D
insect activity and plant root structures
31

The variability in marine salinity between habitats does not impact the fish living there.

A
T
B
F
32

Which habitat would have the least variation in its salinity?

A
salt marsh
B
mangrove forest
C
lake
D
estuary
33

A variety of different mechanisms in nature help create diversity in organism populations. The tundra found in the northernmost parts of the planet is the world’s youngest biome. The tundra is home to a variety of plants and animals. Organisms that can be found in the tundra include shrubs, mosses, caribou, polar bears, and wolves. Which mechanism do the different organism populations found across the tundra exemplify?

A
genetic diversity
B
ecosystem diversity
C
species diversity
D
variation
34

Migration causes a temporary appearance of new organisms in an ecosystem, but not a permanent one. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
T
B
F
35

The competitive exclusion principle states that _______.

A
more than two organisms are capable of filling the same niche
B
competition between species never leads to exclusion
C
two organisms who attempt to fill the same niche will develop a mutualistic relationship
D
when two organisms attempt to fill the same niche, one will exclude the other from the ecosystem
36

Which of the following is not true about Polar bears?

A
They all hibernate.
B
They have black skin that helps them absorb heat.
C
Their fur is transparent and hollow and helps trap heat.
D
They have oversized paws with rough pads that help them walk on snow and ice.
37

When the comb jelly, Mnemiopsis leidyi, was introduced into the Black Sea, its population exploded to 500 comb jellies per cubic yard in 1988. The jellies devoured all the zooplankton and fish larvae, drastically reducing the numbers of the native fish populations. This situation demonstrates _______.

A
the difference between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
B
effects of local evolution or migration on an ecosystem.
C
the impact of removing or adding organisms to an ecosystem.
D
the types of interactions between organisms in an ecosystem.
38

Which of the following Gila Monster adaptations is based on the reproductive cycles of Gambel’s quails and cottontail rabbits?

A
water absorption through their leaky skin
B
fat storage in their tails
C
burrowing during periods of inactivity
D
their crepuscular activity schedule
39

Blizzards and hurricanes are examples of contrasting observable events.

A
T
B
F
40

Bruce believes that male students in his physics course spend more time working on homework than female students. His teacher and classmates are skeptical, so they asked him for proof. Which of the following would be the best way for Bruce to prove his point?

A
Survey the class over a week’s time, asking if they did or did not work on physics homework
B
Make a class data table, and ask the class to record hours spent on homework each day when they enter the classroom
C
Have students record homework time in a class data table every day, tally up the time, and make a bar graph contrasting male and female homework times
D
Ask students to estimate hours spent on homework for the first semester, and tally up the time for males and females

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