Topic Test Answers

18 verified answers
12

Explain how a bottleneck event can enrich recessive traits in the genetics of a population.

Answer:

A bottleneck event severely reduces the fraction of a species able to pass on their genes to offspring. Any once rare recessive traits present in the surviving breeding population are passed to a larger fraction of the total population of offspring, thereby enriching those recessive traits in the total gene pool.

24

Contrast disruptive and stabilizing selections.

Answer:

While stabilizing selection selects for the most common, normal traits in a population, disruptive selection selects for extremes. Disruptive selection eliminates the very intermediate traits that stabilizing selection preserves.

28

What are the possible impacts on the limiting factors that determine population size of an extended period of lower than normal rainfall?

Answer:

Extended drought reduces water availability (a key limiting factor). This lowers plant growth and primary productivity, reduces food and habitat for consumers, intensifies competition for remaining resources, and can raise mortality rates, ultimately decreasing carrying capacity and population size.

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