Topic Test Answers

Which of the following is not one of the three major structures of coral reefs?a.planulaeb.fringing c.barrierd.atoll

The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) is best described as _______.a.a public and private partnership to increase understanding of the oceansb.a program to improve ocean safetyc.a partnership aimed at protecting the environmentd.all of the above

The principle difference between where salt marshes and mangrove forests grow is the salinity of the water.

Which of the following does not explain the importance of mangrove forests?a.They provide shelter to organisms on high energy coasts.b.They help prevent erosion along coasts.c.They increase surface runoff and flooding.d.They filter and process pollutants out of the environment.

It is crucial to study ocean microbes because _______.a.they control the major biogeochemical cycles that keep Earth’s biosphere in balance b.they are a significant source of greenhouse gases and pollutionc.they are frequently used as food sources in developing nationsd.they provide a significant alternative energy source used to replace coal and oil

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Harlequin shrimp _______.a.control starfish populationsb.clean parasites from select fish speciesc.control tubeworm populationsd.hide within coral using their special camouflage

How has human use of salt marshes changed over time?a.Humans have come to value salt marshes and now seek to preserve and restore them.b.Humans now use drained salt marshes exclusively for agriculture.c.Humans have begun to use salt marshes for landfills.d.Humans have begun to use marsh land for housing and commercial development.

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Legislation has been ineffective at preserving coral reefs.

Why are coral reefs overexploited?a.Coral is an important food resource.b.Coral and its organisms are valuable commodities in the aquarium industry.c.Coral reefs inhibit recreational activities.d.All of the above

Which of the following is most negatively affected by fishing practices?a.deep sea coralsb.ocean microbesc.methane hydratesd.autonomous underwater explorers

Explain how the polyp uses its tentacles.

Explain the issues associated with coral harvesting methods.