Topic Test Answers

Which of the following is required for dark reactions to take place?a.lightb.oxygenc.ATPd.water

Energy in an ecosystem flows directly from _______.a.producers to tertiary consumersb.producers to secondary consumersc.tertiary consumers to secondary consumersd.secondary consumers to tertiary consumers

Energy in higher trophic levels is greater than energy at lower trophic levels.

Which of the following statements about C4 carbon fixation is not true?a.C4 carbon fixation is an adaptation for plants exposed to high light intensity.b.C4 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C3 carbon fixation.c.C4 carbon fixation is more common in areas of high temperatures than C3 carbon fixation.d.C4 carbon fixation occurs in the inner cells of a leaf rather than the entire leaf.

Which of the following is true concerning the balance between the solar energy absorbed and radiated by Earth?a.Earth’s atmosphere absorbs a larger fraction of total solar energy than it radiates.b.More than 90% of the solar energy that strikes Earth is absorbed.c.Earth’s surface is responsible for absorbing a larger fraction of energy than it radiates.d.None of the above.

Which of the following statements about entropy is true?a.Entropy increases going from one trophic level to another.b.Increases in entropy lead to reversible processes. c.A system’s work output is limited when changes in entropy do not occur.d.All of the above

The relationship between the amount of energy available for use and the amount of entropy in a food chain differs between trophic levels. Why would the amount of entropy increase from one trophic level to another in a food chain or energy pyramid? a. the available energy from one trophic level to another increases b. energy is lost at each level as heat, which increases randomization c. the amount of biomass decreases from one trophic level to another d. the available energy at each level may either increase or decrease, creating randomization Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Carbon fixation occurs during the light reactions.

How does energy acquisition in the deep sea differ from energy acquisition near the ocean’s surface?a.Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.b.Organisms near the ocean’s surface rely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.c.Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.d.Organisms in the deep sea have no means to obtain energy unless they travel to the ocean’s surface.

How is energy associated with food stored?a.potential energy in chemical formb.kinetic energy in chemical formc.potential energy in mechanical formd.kinetic energy in mechanical form

What are the two ways that organisms on the bottom of deep sea food chains acquire energy?a.photosynthesis and chemosynthesisb.chemosynthesis and marine snowc.marine snow and photosynthesisd.chemosynthesis and predation

Why is photosynthesis vital for life?a.Photosynthesis helps maintain atmospheric levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.b.Photosynthesis is a direct means of energy production for many organisms.c.Photosynthesis is an indirect means of energy production for many organisms.d.All of the above

Which of the following levels is the most efficient at energy conversion?a.producersb.primary consumersc.secondary consumersd.tertiary consumers

Which of the following is not necessary for a plant to carry out photosynthesis?a.carbon dioxideb.waterc.oxygend.sunlight

Marine snow is _______.a.pieces of organic matter that were once part of living organismsb.a mixture of living planktonc.snow from land that has entered aquatic ecosystemsd.large salt crystals that have not dissolved in ocean water

Which of the following is not a possible source of energy for chemosynthetic organisms?a.oilb.hydrogen sulfidec.methaned.water

Which of the following organism does not gain energy from marine snow either directly or indirectly? a. rays b. crustaceans c. chemosynthetic bacteria d. sponges Please select the best answer from the choices provided