Harmful environmental agents cause an average of 4-5 percent of birth defects.
Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg for basing his theory from his research on white, upper-class males.
Which of the following terms represents the debate between genetic and environmental influences on behavior?A.stability versus changeB.continuity versus stagesC.nature versus nurtureD.general versus multiple
Which of the following is an assumption of continuous theories of development? A. Development occurs rapidly and suddenly. B. Experience and learning is important to development. C. Development is largely affected by and related to biology. D. Most individuals will develop in predictable stages. Please select the best answer from the choices provided
The primary objective in Kohlberg’s preconventional level is to fulfill one’s own needs and wants.
Nutrition, caregiver responsiveness, and learning opportunities are all __________ influences on maturation. A. environmental B. hereditary C. sensory D. motor Please select the best answer from the choices provided
An indication of the average age at which a child will reach different developmental milestones is known as __________.A.developmental normsB.process of maturationC.percentilesD.proximodistal trend
The gestational age of the embryo begins when the sperm and egg unite.
Caregivers who are observed to be abusive or neglectful have been associated with the __________ type of attachment.A.secureB.disorganized-disorientedC.insecure-avoidantD.anxious-ambivalent
Environment refers to the social and physical conditions that affect a person’s life.
Which of the following is an example of a continuity theory of development?A.Kohlberg’s theory of moral developmentB.Piaget’s theory of cognitive developmentC.Erikson’s theory of psychological developmentD.Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development
__________ parents are extremely strict, unresponsive, and expect obedience from their children. A.AuthoritativeB.PermissiveC.AuthoritarianD.Uninvolved
Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development states that an individual constructs knowledge primarily through interaction with important figures in one’s life.
__________ refers to using prior knowledge and skills to interpret new information.
Summarize the nature versus nurture debate, and explain how contemporary theorists view this debate.
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