AnswersCrowley Original Credit Chemistry BTypes of Radioactive Decay

Types of Radioactive Decay Answers

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Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen. The nucleus of a deuterium atom consists of one proton and one neutron. When two deuterium nuclei fuse, helium-3 is formed, and a neutron is emitted. Which equation illustrates this process?

A
2 upper H subscript 2 plus upper o subscript 2 right arrow 2 upper H subscript 2 upper O.
Option A
B
2 superscript 2 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 3 subscript 1 H plus superscript 1 superscript 1 H.
Option B
C
2 superscript 1 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 2 subscript 1 H plus superscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option C
D
2 superscript 2 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 3 subscript 2 upper H e plus superscript 1 subscript 0 n.
Option D
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How can a scientist assess whether a pure niobium (Nb) sample is responsible for contaminating the lab with radioactivity?

A
Test the niobium sample to see whether it now contains other elements.
B
Test the niobium sample for the presence of niobium oxide compounds.
C
Heat the niobium, and see if the level of radioactivity in the lab increases.
D
Place the niobium under pressure, and see if the level of radioactivity in the lab increases.
3

Which can have either a positive charge or a negative charge when they are released during radioactive decay?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
positrons
D
photons
4

Which statement correctly compares chemical reactions with nuclear reactions?

A
In chemical reactions, new isotopes are formed. In nuclear reactions, new compounds are formed.
B
Chemical reactions can be represented by balanced equations. Nuclear reactions cannot be represented by balanced equations.
C
In chemical reactions, small amounts of energy can be absorbed or released. In nuclear reactions, changes in energy are much larger.
D
In chemical reactions, only protons and neutrons are affected. In nuclear reactions, only electrons are affected.
5

An atom that has 84 protons and 86 neutrons undergoes a reaction. At the end of the reaction, it has 82 protons and 84 neutrons. What happened to the atom?

A
It accepted radiation in a chemical reaction.
B
It donated neutrons to another atom in a chemical reaction.
C
It emitted an alpha particle in a nuclear reaction.
D
It released a beta particle in a nuclear reaction.
6

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has a –1 charge. What other characteristic does the radiation have?

A
some shielding required
B
no mass
C
large mass
D
high penetrating power
7

What can form as a result of a chemical reaction?

A
compounds
B
isotopes
C
alpha particles
D
beta particles
8

In alpha decay, alpha particles are ejected from the nucleus. Which equation represents alpha decay?

A
Superscript 241 subscript 95 upper A m right arrow superscript 237 subscript 93 upper N p plus superscript 4 subscript 2 upper H e.
Option A
B
Superscript 18 subscript 9 upper F right arrow superscript 18 subscript 8 upper O plus subscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 14 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 14 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y right arrow superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y plus y.
Option D
9

What is a key difference between chemical and nuclear reactions?

A
In chemical reactions, new compounds are formed. In nuclear reactions, compounds are destroyed.
B
Chemical reactions involve electron rearrangements. Nuclear reactions involve changes to the nucleus.
C
Chemical reactions involve large changes in energy. Nuclear reactions absorb or release small amounts of energy.
D
In chemical reactions, only alpha radiation is emitted. In nuclear reactions, alpha, beta, and gamma decay may occur.
10

What type of particle has no mass or charge?

A
Alpha
B
Beta
C
Gamma
D
Proton

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