AnswersOC27 EarthSpace Sci-2001310-S2-NelsonUNIT 7: Test

UNIT 7: Test Answers

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Ellen does an experiment by releasing a ball from a height of 1 m above each floor in a tall building. She records the time it takes the ball to reach the floor.

A
How does distance affect the gravitational force on objects?
B
How does distance affect the electromagnetic force on objects?
C
Does height affect the strong force acting on a moving ball?
D
Does height affect the weak force acting on a moving ball?
22
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Which statement explains how weight is different from mass?

A
Mass is a varying property.
B
Mass is measured in newtons.
C
Weight is always greater than mass.
D
Weight is a measure of gravitational pull.
23

Which statement describes Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

A
Mass has little effect on gravity between objects.
B
Gravity pushes objects away from Earth’s center.
C
Gravity does not act between Earth and the moon.
D
Every object in the universe attracts every other object.
24

Which can have either a positive charge or a negative charge when they are released during radioactive decay?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
positrons
D
photons
25

Which statement describes why energy is released in a nuclear fusion reaction based on mass-energy equivalence?

A
For large nuclei, the mass of the original nucleus is greater than the mass of the products.
B
For large nuclei, the mass of the original nucleus is less than the mass of the products.
C
For small nuclei, the binding energy of the lighter nuclei is greater than the binding energy of the heavier nucleus.
D
For small nuclei, the binding energy of the lighter nuclei is less than the binding energy of the heavier nucleus.
26

In alpha decay, alpha particles are ejected from the nucleus. Which equation represents alpha decay?

A
Superscript 241 subscript 95 upper A m right arrow superscript 237 subscript 93 upper N p plus superscript 4 subscript 2 upper H e.
Option A
B
Superscript 18 subscript 9 upper F right arrow superscript 18 subscript 8 upper O plus subscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 14 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 14 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y right arrow superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y plus y.
Option D
27

The nuclear equation is incomplete.

Question illustration
A
Superscript 138 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option A
B
Superscript 139 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option B
C
Superscript 119 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option C
D
Superscript 138 Subscript 52 Baseline T e
Option D
28

Which description explains how inertia changes the effects of gravity on objects in the solar system?

A
keeps the Sun stationary
B
pulls asteroids toward Earth
C
causes shooting stars to stop moving
D
prevents planets from pulling into one another
29

The diagram shows the protons and neutrons in an atom.

Question illustration
A
static
B
electromagnetic
C
strong
D
light
30

Which statement correctly compares chemical reactions with nuclear reactions?

A
In chemical reactions, new isotopes are formed. In nuclear reactions, new compounds are formed.
B
Chemical reactions can be represented by balanced equations. Nuclear reactions cannot be represented by balanced equations.
C
In chemical reactions, small amounts of energy can be absorbed or released. In nuclear reactions, changes in energy are much larger.
D
In chemical reactions, only protons and neutrons are affected. In nuclear reactions, only electrons are affected.
31

In addition to how much force Earth exerts on the object, which features of an object affect its weight?

A
mass and location of the object
B
shape and location of the object
C
location of the object and how much energy the object has
D
mass of the object and how much energy the object has
32

Which statement describes gravity?

A
There is no defined unit of measurement for gravity.
B
Gravity is the force that pulls objects toward Earth’s center.
C
Objects that have a small mass will have no gravitational pull.
D
Gravitational pull between two objects decreases as the mass of one increases.
33

Sayyid drew a diagram to compare the gravitational and electromagnetic forces.

Question illustration
A
is attractive only
B
acts within nucleus
C
attracts and repels
D
has an infinite range

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