Dry and Liquid Media — Unit test Answers

This is an example of a collage called, Cut with the Kitchen Knife Collage. It is by Hanna Hock. The artist created this piece as an example of the Dada movement. It is an example of Dada because although it is nonsensical, it is still an interesting and engaging display.

Collage has been used for many years, but was officially reinvented as a form of art by Pablo Picasso in 1912.

The ground is the surface the drawing is created on. The ground chosen by an artist influences the finished result and the ease and success experience while using the medium. Examples of ground could include, wood, paper, canvas, etc.

Registration: A method of correlating color separation so that the colors line up correctly. Press: A device used to transfer an image. Keyblock: A printing block that is used to create a black outline before the color is added, and usually has the most detail.

Vellum is created by painting on a type of parchment material or on a surface made from the skin of a young calf that has been stretched out. It was particularly used to create illuminated manuscripts, but isn’t used much today. Encaustic is created by mixing pigment with hot wax. The artist sculpts the material into place, and can reheat it if it harden and he/she wants to make changes.

Answer will vary but may include the following: The image is an Asian artwork, specifically a Japanese ukiyo-e scene. In the image there are men carrying either some type of cargo in boxes or baskets of food, across a bridge. Most of the men pictured are walking in two rows, in a sort of procession. Houses are visible in the background. Orange, blue, and yellow are the main colors used. There isn't much variation in the width of the lines. The shapes are fairly geometric. The image is framed on either side by what appears to be a gate or fence. This is an example of a woodblock print, also called a woodcut. Its registration points were likely located in the corners of the woodblock.

A layout is the way text, images, and other visual elements are arranged on a page. The cover places the large magazine title near the top, smaller story teasers in banners, and a prominent jet image and headline across the center. The contrasting colors, bold type, and clear hierarchy make the main story stand out while still showing several other features. This layout is engaging because the dramatic aircraft image and the intriguing “Top-Secret Warplanes of Area 51” headline draw my attention first.

Dry media consists of natural or synthetic mineral or plant substances that deposit crystalline or splinter-like fragments in the paper fibers. An advantage to dry media is that it can be easily erased to make corrections. A disadvantage is that smudges can be easily made, which can make a piece appear messy and unprofessional.

Intaglio come for the Latin verb, itagliare. In Latin, intagliare means “to cut”. Intaglio can be dated back to the Sumerian society, around the year 3000 BCE.

Examples of dry media include, charcoal and silverpoint. Examples of liquid media include, paint and ink. Examples of mixed media include, vellum and encaustic.

Pencils have been used since the 16th century. Graphite is a mix of carbon and clay that is combined by being heated in an oven. An HB pencil is the basic pencil most people use for everyday tasks. When the H# is increased, there is less clay. This makes the texture harder and creates a very light sketch.

The painting is The Adirondack Guide by Winslow Homer. It was created using watercolor. Homer may have chosen watercolor because its fluid, transparent washes work well for showing the reflections and changing light on the water. The medium also helps convey the vivid colors and loose, natural forms of the wooded setting.

Engraving is a process of incising an image onto a hard surface such as wood, stone, or a copper plate. Etching is a printmaking process in which an impression is taken from a metal plate on which an image has been etched (or eaten away by acid).

In engraving, artist typically would use a metal sheet as the surface for their piece. Etching is difficult because of the amount of scraping required, the strength and control the artist must use, the sound of the scraping, and the inability to make corrections.

Mezzotint’s tone is created using a special tool, like with drypoint. As the tool moves along the metal surface, it roughs the surface and creates different levels of grooves. When ink is applied to the surface, the varying levels of grooves provide the illusion of various tones and half-tones, while still using the same color of ink. This method is one of the best representation of monochromatic art.

Stained glass is made by taking pieces of colored glass and putting leading between them, which dries and form a frame that is connected to a base-frame. They are typically found in Gothic-style cathedrals in Western Europe.

The tools, paper, ink, and method of relief printing will influence the final product and the effect it produces. Certain methods/techniques, tools, and products serve different purposes, whether it be detailed, color, design, etc.

Crayon manner: A printmaking technique from the beginning of the 18th Century used for the reproduction of red or brown chalk drawings. Pastel manner: A printmaking technique born from crayon manner that imitates the appearance of chalk lines. Chalk: A soft, calcium based medium made from pulverized minerals and fossilized shells mixed with gum or resin.

Yes, I think advertising is a form of applied art because it uses visual elements and design principles to communicate with an audience. The Nike swoosh uses a simple curved shape and strong contrast to create a recognizable, memorable image. Like other art, it is designed to make an impression, but it also has the practical purpose of promoting a product. Its composition shows how graphic design can combine creativity with a clear message.

Printmaking is the process of taking a design or image and adding ink to it to make a copy using a printing plate, a press, or a piece of paper. The two types of printmaking are relief printing and intaglio. Relief printing is done by outlining an image on a surface, and then carving along the outline. The artist then applies the raised areas with ink, to be pressed on to a surface. Intaglio is similar, but the ink is added to the grooves, rather than the raised surfaces.