AnswersCrowley Original Credit Chemistry BNeutralization Reactions

Neutralization Reactions — Unit test Answers

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1
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An unknown substance turns methyl orange solution red. This shows that the substance

A
is a base.
B
is water.
C
is an acid.
D
is an alkaloid.
2
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Several substances are labeled on the pH scale below.Which substance has the lowest [H+] concentration but is still considered an acid?

Question illustration
A
milk
B
blood
C
gastric fluid
D
household lye
3

An acid is a substance that increases the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution. Look at the reaction below of phenol (C6H5OH) with water:Which reactant acts as an acid by contributing a H+ ion to create H3O+ in the chemical equation?

Question illustration
A
C6H5OH(aq)
B
H2O(l)
C
C6H5O–(aq)
D
H3O+(aq)
4

Which salt is produced when NH4OH reacts with HNO3?

A
KNO2
B
NaNO3
C
NH4NO3
D
NH4NO2
5

Which statement is usually true about the relationship between activation energy and reaction rates?

A
Low activation energy barriers result in low rates.
B
High activation energy barriers result in low rates.
C
Low activation energy barriers result in no reaction.
D
High activation energy barriers result in no reaction.
6

Which of these equations correctly expresses the self-ionization of water?

A
Upper H subscript 2 upper O superscript plus upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus double-headed arrow upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option A
B
Upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double-headed arrow 2 upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option B
C
Upper H subscript 2 upper o plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double headed arrow 2 upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus.
Option C
D
Upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double-headed arrow upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus, plus upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option D
7

What is the main reason that it takes 2 to 3 minutes for the reaction to occur between sucrose and sulfuric acid in the dehydration of sucrose?

A
The activation energy needs to be overcome in the reaction.
B
The activation energy must be removed from the intermediates.
C
The sulfuric acid has to be consumed before the reaction takes place.
D
The sucrose molecules must rearrange to become the catalyst.
8

Consider the reaction pathway graph below.Which kind of reaction does this graph represent?

Question illustration
A
endothermic because Hrxn = –876.8 kJ
Option A
B
endothermic because Hrxn = 876.8 kJ
Option B
C
exothermic because Hrxn = –1,099.6 kJ
Option C
D
exothermic because Hrxn = 1,099.6 kJ
Option D
9

Consider the reaction pathway graph below.Which of the following explains the importance of the activation energy acting as a barrier for reactants?

Question illustration
A
It prevents most reactions from occurring spontaneously.
B
It ensures the activated complexes remain stable.
C
It allows energy to be released slowly from products.
D
It stops the activated complexes from ever forming.
10

Four different solutions (I, II, III, and IV) are labeled on the pH scale below.Why would solution IV be considered the most concentrated base out of the four substances?

Question illustration
A
It has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions.
B
It has the highest concentration of hydronium ions.
C
It has the highest concentration of oxide ions.
D
It has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions.
11

The pH of lemon juice at 298 K is found to be 2.32. What is the concentration of ions in the solution? Use .

Question illustration
A
1.05 times 10 to the negative 3 moles per liter.
Option A
B
4.79 times 10 to the negative 3 moles per liter.
Option B
C
2.09 times 10 squared moles per liter.
Option C
D
9.55 times 10 squared moles per liter.
Option D
12

How does an increase in reactant concentration affect the rate of reaction?

A
It leads to more frequent collisions, which increase reaction rate.
B
It leads to less frequent collisions, which increase reaction rate.
C
It leads to more frequent collisions, which decrease reaction rate.
D
It leads to less frequent collisions, which decrease reaction rate.
13

Which definition describes activation energy?

A
the speed at which reactants form products in a chemical reaction
B
the short-lived, high-energy intermediate between reactants and products
C
the diagram showing a change in energy between reactants and products
D
the minimum energy that a set of reactants must attain before reaction can occur
14

What is the relationship between Ka and Kb with Kw?

A
The sum of Ka and Kb equals the auto-dissociation constant for water.
B
The product of Ka and Kb equals the auto-dissociation constant for water.
C
The quotient of Ka and Kb equals the auto-dissociation constant for water.
D
The difference of Ka and Kb equals the auto-dissociation constant for water.
15

A weak base is added to water. Which information is required to find the strength of its conjugate acid?

A
the value of Kb and the concentration of the weak base
B
the value of Kw only
C
the values of Kb and Kw
D
the values of and Kw and the concentration of the weak base

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