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Volcanoes — Unit test Answers

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1
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What happened to the giant landmass that Wegener described?

A
The pieces remained the same shape over time.
B
The pieces moved quickly to their current locations.
C
The pieces moved toward one another and created mountains.
D
The pieces broke apart and drifted away from one another over time.
2
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The image shows a volcanic eruption.

Question illustration
A
This eruption is quiet.
B
This eruption is explosive.
C
This eruption was caused by low-viscosity magma.
D
This eruption may set its surroundings on fire.
3

Why do scientists study seismographs?

A
to learn about different rock samples
B
to determine the location of an epicenter
C
to analyze mineral content from Earth’s crust
D
to observe temperature changes on Earth’s surface
4

Which continents contain folded mountains that match up to form one continuous mountain chain, serving as evidence that they once belonged to one landmass called Pangaea?

A
Antarctica and Africa
A
Africa and North America
S
South America and Africa
E
Eurasia and South America
5

Which type of volcanic mountain has wide, gentle slopes?

r
rift
s
shield
c
composite
c
cinder cone
6

Which example is indirect evidence used to study Earth’s interior?

A
composition of minerals in a rock
B
age of a rock from within Earth
C
location of an earthquake’s epicenter
D
texture of different core samples
7

Which statement describes divergent boundaries?

D
Divergent boundaries are found only on land.
S
Subduction occurs at divergent boundaries.
P
Plates move toward each other at divergent boundaries.
M
Magma flows from cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries.
8

The table shows the thickness, top density, and bottom density of the different layers of the Earth. Thickness (km)Density (g/cm3)Types of Rock FoundTopBottomCrust302.22.9Silicic rocksUpper mantle7203.44.4PeridotiteLower mantle2,1714.45.6Magnesium and silicon oxidesOuter core2,2599.912.2Iron+oxygenInner core1,22112.813.1Iron+oxygen

A
As depth increases, the density of the layers increases.
B
As depth increases, the density of the layers decreases.
C
As depth increases, the thickness of the layers increases.
D
As depth increases, the thickness of the layers decreases.
9

Study this image.

Question illustration
A
Oceanic and continental plates are colliding.
B
Oceanic and continental plates are shifting past each other.
C
Two continental plates are forming a large mountain.
D
Two oceanic plates are creating several island chains.
10

How long ago do scientists believe the continents formed Pangaea?

a
about 135 million years ago
a
about 180 million years ago
a
about 300 million years ago
a
about 4.5 billion years ago
11

Which features form along all types of plate boundaries?

f
faults
r
rift valleys
m
mountains
o
ocean ridges
12

Which coal field location is related to coal fields in the United States and supports the theory of continental drift?

A
India
B
Africa
C
Australia
D
Europe
13

The image shows a landform created by Earth’s forces.

Question illustration
A
anticline
B
shearing
C
syncline
D
tension
14

Which statement describes one aspect of an earthquake’s magnitude?

A
It is measured by the Mercalli scale.
B
It is based on the size of seismic waves.
C
It is not usually affected by the amount of fault movement.
D
It is used to determine damage caused by earthquakes.
15

What type of stress occurs when plates move apart?

A
compression
B
faulting
C
shearing
D
tension

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