Answers24 - 25 CR - Biology B 0411KBLab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2

Lab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2 — Unit test Answers

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Carlos is collecting data about the length of earthworms in his backyard. The shortest worm he found is 4 inches long; the longest worm is 8 inches long. If most of the worms are either short or long, which type of distribution is displayed in the population?

A
directional
B
disruptive
C
stabilizing
D
normal
2
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Read this passage about global fishing.Global consumption of large fish has led to an exploitation of fish populations. Overfishing has led to a decline in the populations of many species of large fish including North East Arctic Cod. The graph below shows the decline in the cod population.As the human population grows and countries continue to develop, the demand for large fish has been steadily increasing. Unfortunately, the average size of the cod has decreased because the fishing nets were designed to catch the large fish and the smaller individuals could escape more easily.What is most likely happening to the genetic variation of the population of North East Arctic Cod?

Question illustration
A
The genetic variation in the population is increasing due to selective pressure.
B
The genetic variation in the population is decreasing due to selective pressure.
C
The genetic variation in the population is increasing due to gene flow.
D
The genetic variation in the population is decreasing due to gene flow.
3

Which factors affect natural selection?

A
inheritance, isolation, adaptation
B
variation, overpopulation, adaptation
C
isolation, overpopulation, speciation
D
variation, inheritance, speciation
4

Consider the cladogram.According to the cladogram, which characteristic was used to separate bony fish from amphibians?

Question illustration
A
jaws
B
cartilage
C
bony skeleton
D
lungs
5

Why do a chicken embryo and a cow embryo look very similar even though the adults do not?

A
They are not related, but still have similar development.
B
They are distantly related, so their development is similar.
C
The embryos mutate in utero to form different structures.
D
The genetic makeup of the two species changes during development.
6

What will happen to the frequency of the recessive allele for the HbS gene when there is an outbreak of malaria?

A
The frequency will increase.
B
The frequency will decrease.
C
The frequency will remain constant.
D
It is impossible to predict how the allele frequency will change.
E
The frequency will be cut in half with each generation.
7

A feature in the early hominid was her apelike shoulders and forelimbs, but a pelvis that indicated that most of her body weight lay above her pelvis. Which best describes the fossil?

A
Scientists call her Wise Human and her apelike structure indicates a common ancestor to chimpanzees.
B
Scientists called her Lucy and her pelvis indicates she could walk upright.
C
Scientists call her Handy Human and her apelike structure indicates she could use tools like chimpanzees.
D
Scientists call her Upright Human because of the location of the pelvis.
9

In 1998, paleoanthropologist Rick Potts published an article in The Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, a peer-reviewed journal. The article was titled “Environmental Hypotheses of Hominin Evolution.” Isabel wonders if she can cite this article as a valid scientific reference. Which statement below best answers her question?

A
The article is not valid because it was not published this year.
B
The article is not valid because it contains no supporting evidence.
C
The article is valid because it was reviewed by other scientists.
D
The article is valid because Potts is a renowned paleoanthropologist.
11

The fossil record shows that the average size of black bears was large during cold glacial periods and got smaller during warmer time periods. What is this an example of?

A
directional selection
B
disruptive selection
C
ecosystem selection
D
stabilizing selection
12

Which of these are most likely homologous structures? bat wing dragonfly wing Tyrannosaurus arm

Question illustration
A
bat wing and dragonfly wing
B
bat wing and Tyrannosaurus arm
C
dragonfly wing and Tyrannosaurus arm
D
bat wing, dragonfly wing, and Tyrannosaurus arm
13

In rock layers, jellyfish fossils are found lower than trilobite fossils, and trilobite fossils are found lower than ammonite fossils. What can be determined from this information?

A
Trilobites existed before jellyfish and ammonites.
B
Jellyfish existed before trilobites and ammonites.
C
Ammonites existed before trilobites and jellyfish.
D
Jellyfish, trilobites, and ammonites lived together.
14

A primate species with a brain size of 1200 cc is discovered. From the information in the graph, what can be predicted about this species?

Question illustration
A
The species is closely related to modern humans.
B
The species was smarter than modern humans.
C
The species lived between 1.5 and 1 million years ago.
D
The species lived between 1 and 0.5 million years ago.

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