Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record — Unit test Answers

Carlos is collecting data about the length of earthworms in his backyard. The shortest worm he found is 4 inches long; the longest worm is 8 inches long. If most of the worms are either short or long, which type of distribution is displayed in the population?

Which of these are most likely homologous structures? bat wing dragonfly wing Tyrannosaurus arm

It can be seen on a cladogram that modern birds and reptiles share a common ancestor. Select the piece of evidence that best supports this idea.

Read the following passage from the Biology Department at University of California, Berkeley.Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation because hunting by humans reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has since rebounded to over 30,000, but their genes still carry the marks of this near extinction: they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not hunted as intensely.Which of the following best describes how the population has evolved?

What will happen to the frequency of the recessive allele for the HbS gene when there is an outbreak of malaria?

Fossils provide scientists with evidence that allows them to hypothesize how living organisms have evolved over time. Tiktaalik roseae was a unique organism that has been nicknamed the “fishapod” because it is believed to be a species had traits of both fish and tetrapods, the first four-legged animals.Which evidence would scientist use to make the connection between ancestry of fish and tetrapods using Tiktaalik roseae?

These notes were taken during a class about biological evolution, but the subject title is missing. -results from immigration -new genes brought into a population -variation in a population increasesWhat do the notes describe?

The fossil record shows that the average size of black bears was large during cold glacial periods and got smaller during warmer time periods. What is this an example of?

Which is an example of temporal isolation?

A founding population of lizards arrives on an island. Which type of isolation would most likely result in this population becoming a new species?

What is most likely to happen to a population of mice that becomes isolated on an island?

Consider the group of giraffes in the image below.Which statement about the giraffes explains their evolution based on Charles Darwin’s main points?

Darwin’s finches evolved on an island. What is the main reason that islands often provide good examples of evolution?

In rock layers, jellyfish fossils are found lower than trilobite fossils, and trilobite fossils are found lower than ammonite fossils. What can be determined from this information?

Changes in the gene pool can occur due to various mechanisms. In 1989, a large oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, when the Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground. Approximately 11 million gallons of oil were spilled and spread 1,300 miles along the Alaskan coastline. The damage from the oil spill affected thousands of animals in the area, including killer whales, harbor seals, sea otters, fish, and sea birds. Which mechanism most likely affected the gene pools of the organism populations in the areas around the oil spill?