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Half-Life — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which best describes what forms in nuclear fission?

A
two smaller, more stable nuclei
B
two larger, less stable nuclei
C
one smaller, less stable nucleus
D
one larger, more stable nucleus
2
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Consider the nuclear equation below.Which is the missing value that will balance the equation?

Question illustration
A
84
B
86
C
88
D
90
3

Which represents the balanced nuclear equation for the beta plus decay of C-11?

A
Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 5 upper B plus superscript 0 subscript plus 1 e.
Option A
B
Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript plus 1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 5 upper B plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option D
4

Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.277 109 years. After 1.022 1010 years, how much potassium-40 will remain from a 500.3-g sample?

Question illustration
A
approximately 1.95 g
B
approximately 3.91 g
C
approximately 62.54 g
D
approximately 71.47 g
5

Which type of radiation do people try to protect themselves from by wearing protective clothing that is made of aluminum?

A
alpha radiation
B
beta radiation
C
gamma radiation
D
photon radiation
6

What occurs during one half-life?

A
Half of a daughter isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a parent isotope.
B
Half of a parent isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.
C
All of a daughter isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a parent isotope.
D
All of a parent isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.
7

Why would a doctor most likely restrict a patient’s contact with other people while the patient receives internal radiation?

A
The patient’s stress and anxiety would be eliminated.
B
High levels of radiation can diffuse through the patient’s skin.
C
Social contact would increase the effect of the radiation treatment.
D
Radioactive material can leave the patient’s body through saliva, sweat, and urine.
8

A radioactive nuclide that is used for radiation therapy for cancer has 33 neutrons and a mass number of 60. Which is the correct symbol for this nuclide?

A
Superscript 27 subscript 60 upper C o.
Option A
B
Superscript 33 subscript 60 upper C o.
Option B
C
Superscript 60 subscript 33 upper C o.
Option C
D
Superscript 60 subscript 27 upper C o.
Option D
9

A sample contains 25% parent isotope and 75% daughter isotopes. If the half-life of the parent isotope is 72 years, how old is the sample?

A
144 years old
B
216 years old
C
288 years old
D
360 years old
10

Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?

Question illustration
A
a chain reaction that is caused by nuclear fission
B
a chain reaction that is caused by nuclear fusion
C
a decrease in energy that is caused by nuclear fission
D
an increase in energy that is caused by nuclear fusion
11

Which best describes nuclear fusion?

A
A nucleus spontaneously splits and absorbs energy.
B
Two nuclei spontaneously combine and absorb energy.
C
A nucleus collides with a neutron and splits, releasing energy.
D
Nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
12

Which statement about the half-life of a radioactive sample is true?

A
It is an exact measure of the decay of an individual atom.
B
It measures the tendency of a radioisotope to decay radioactively.
C
It is affected by the concentration of the radioactive substance that is present.
D
It can be calculated based on neutron number.
13

The alpha decay of a radioactive nuclide (X) emits a He-4 nucleus and produces an isotope of . What is X?

Question illustration
A
Superscript 235 subscript 91 upper P a.
Option A
B
Superscript 235 subscript 93 upper N p.
Option B
C
Superscript 236 subscript 92 upper U.
Option C
D
Superscript 239 subscript 94 upper P u.
Option D
14

Consider the three equations below.Which statement do these reactions best support?

Question illustration
A
Beta decay occurs only in certain atoms.
B
Alpha decay occurs only in certain atoms.
C
Chain reactions play important roles in the process of nuclear fission.
D
Nuclear fusion plays an important role in making elements that are heavier than helium.
15

Which radiation detection method creates visible trails that can show the direction of ionizing particles?

A
Geiger counter
B
scintillation counter
C
film badge
D
cloud chamber

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