DNA Mutations — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which best defines a diploid cell during meiosis?

A
a cell that has double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
B
a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C
a cell that has double the number of chromosomes as the daughter cell
D
a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the daughter cell
2
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Missense, nonsense, and silent mutations are examples of which type of mutation?

A
substitution
B
insertion
C
deletion
D
replication
3

Which step in transcription occurs first?

A
mRNA moves the code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production.
B
A gene is expressed through protein production.
C
RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.
D
A repressor protein must attach to the operator.
4

Photo 51 is a picture of the structure of DNA that was used to create a model of DNA. Who created the photo?

A
James Watson and Francis Crick
B
Erwin Chargaff
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
Friedrich Miescher
5

Which base is found only in DNA?

A
adenine
B
guanine
C
cytosine
D
thymine
6

Which best illustrates the result of the process of meiosis?

A
A pea plant has the same flower color as its parent plants.
B
A daughter looks different from both her mother and her father.
C
A cheetah cub has very similar fur to its mother.
D
A Labrador puppy looks exactly like its father.
7

Error

Answer not available
8

A strand of DNA contains the bases adenine, cytosine, cytosine, and guanine, in that order. Which would be the order of the bases on the opposite strand of DNA?

A
cytosine, adenine, adenine, and thymine
B
cytosine, thymine, thymine, and adenine
C
thymine, guanine, guanine, and cytosine
D
thymine, adenine, adenine, and cytosine
9

If an organism's diploid number is 12, what would be its haploid number?

A
3
B
6
C
24
D
48
10

Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is most likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

A
the gene that controls the production of stem cells
B
the gene that controls the production of skin cells
C
the gene that controls the production of red blood cells
D
the gene that controls the production of white blood cells
11

Tissue cultures (samples of cancer cells) are taken from cancer patients, and the cells are then grown in a laboratory. What is the purpose of growing cancer cells in a laboratory?

A
to test medicinal treatments before giving them to patients
B
to replace cancer cells with healthy cells
C
to provide evidence of cancer cells in the patient
D
to stop the cancer from growing in the patient
12

Which part of cell division is different in plant and animal cells?

A
cytokinesis
B
anaphase
C
mitosis
D
eukaryotic
13

Which best describes a codon?

A
a cell structure that gives the master instructions for an organism
B
a segment of DNA that is the basis of heredity in organisms
C
the sequence of three bases that codes for a specific amino acid
D
the basic unit of structure and function of all living things
14

Which equation represents fertilization?

A
haploid + diploid = diploid
B
diploid + haploid = haploid
C
haploid + haploid = diploid
D
diploid + diploid = diploid
15

Which of the following describe a stem cell? Select three options. a cell that is able to develop into a variety of specialized cellsa cell that is able to self-renew from differentiated cellsa specialized cell that results in differentiationa specialized cell that results in self-renewala cell that divides by meiosis to produce new cells

A
a cell that is able to develop into a variety of specialized cells
B
a cell that is able to self-renew from differentiated cells
C
a specialized cell that results in differentiation
D
a specialized cell that results in self-renewal
E
a cell that divides by meiosis to produce new cells

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