Age of Reform — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which statement best describes the social and political costs of building a large courthouse instead of a small one?

A
Building a large courthouse may cost more, and judicial officials will be displeased by the delay.
B
Building a large courthouse may cost more, and voters will be upset by having to pay higher taxes.
C
Building a large courthouse may take longer, and voters could become dissatisfied.
D
Building a large courthouse may take longer, but voters will respect the attempt to create a better building.
2
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During the early part of the Industrial Revolution, factory managers were

A
often strict but generally fair to workers.
B
always hard working and uncomplaining.
C
frequently untrained and undisciplined.
D
generally harsh and abusive to workers.
3

Most socialists believe that the best way to improve society is to

A
outlaw political parties and ban elections.
B
allow businesses and individuals to follow their own best interests.
C
insist that the government protects the interests of workers and consumers.
D
allow businesses to follow the principles of cooperation and sharing.
4

Utopianism is best defined as

A
a form of socialism based on sharing.
B
a form of capitalism based on cooperation.
C
a type of monarchy where kings and queens are elected.
D
a type of dictatorship where all decisions are made by committee.
6

Which is the best example of a political effect?

A
Students become angry because a specific event was not approved by the school board.
B
A popular decision is made, which helps the school board president get reelected.
C
Customers decide to stop shopping at a specific store because the quality of the product has changed.
D
A controversial tax decision was postponed until the end of the year, specifically to avoid mid-year tax changes.
7

Which social effect may result from adding healthier options to a school lunch program?

A
angering school leaders who will have to pay more for the program
B
angering students because of the loss of familiar choices
C
helping the school board president’s chances of being reelected
D
hurting the school board president’s chances of being reelected
8

Events following the Civil War resulted in

A
the slowing of industrial progress.
B
the devastation of natural resources.
C
the US Industrial Revolution.
D
the Second Industrial Revolution.
9

In a free market, the price of goods is set by

A
government officials.
B
the consumer.
C
the producer.
D
workers and owners.
11

A reason that many city workers lived in unhealthy conditions was

A
there was no garbage collection or sewage service.
B
people from rural areas introduced new diseases.
C
landlords were not allowed to improve their buildings.
D
people often did not clean up after themselves.
12

The first step in understanding the costs and benefits of a decision is

A
identifying possible outcomes.
B
determining all costs and benefits.
C
identifying possible benefits.
D
calculating the costs of all options.
15

Because of low wages and overcrowding, many immigrants lived in tenements or cheap apartments that were

A
constantly being fixed and brought up to standard by landlords.
B
constructed without building, fire, or safety codes in place.
C
slowly improving because of help from the city government.
D
quickly improving because of the passage of new state laws.

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