Unit Test — Unit test Answers

Consider the cladogram.Which is the best description of the two organisms highlighted in orange?

Changes in the gene pool can occur due to various mechanisms. In 1989, a large oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, when the Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground. Approximately 11 million gallons of oil were spilled and spread 1,300 miles along the Alaskan coastline. The damage from the oil spill affected thousands of animals in the area, including killer whales, harbor seals, sea otters, fish, and sea birds. Which mechanism most likely affected the gene pools of the organism populations in the areas around the oil spill?

Which factors affect natural selection?

Consider the generalized cladogram of fish.Osteichthyes is a group of fish that have the derived characteristics of jaws and true bones. Which letter corresponds to where Osteichthyes belongs on the cladogram?

These notes were taken during a class about biological evolution, but the subject title is missing. -results from immigration -new genes brought into a population -variation in a population increasesWhat do the notes describe?

Read the following passage from the Biology Department at University of California, Berkeley.Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation because hunting by humans reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has since rebounded to over 30,000, but their genes still carry the marks of this near extinction: they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not hunted as intensely.Which of the following best describes how the population has evolved?

Which is an example of temporal isolation?

Which of these are most likely homologous structures? bat wing dragonfly wing Tyrannosaurus arm

Read this passage about global fishing.Global consumption of large fish has led to an exploitation of fish populations. Overfishing has led to a decline in the populations of many species of large fish including North East Arctic Cod. The graph below shows the decline in the cod population.As the human population grows and countries continue to develop, the demand for large fish has been steadily increasing. Unfortunately, the average size of the cod has decreased because the fishing nets were designed to catch the large fish and the smaller individuals could escape more easily.What is most likely happening to the genetic variation of the population of North East Arctic Cod?

Consider the cladogram.According to the cladogram, which characteristic was used to separate bony fish from amphibians?

The fossil record shows that the average size of black bears was large during cold glacial periods and got smaller during warmer time periods. What is this an example of?

It can be seen on a cladogram that modern birds and reptiles share a common ancestor. Select the piece of evidence that best supports this idea.

What hypothesis did Darwin investigate by studying the breeding of pigeons with distinctive traits?

Variations within a species are an important part of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Which example can be explained by individual variation?

A founding population of lizards arrives on an island. Which type of isolation would most likely result in this population becoming a new species?