Earth's Energy Budget — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which is equal to a temperature of 20°C?

A
20°F
B
68°F
C
36°F
D
32°F
2
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During which changes of state do atoms that cannot move past one another become free to move?

A
vaporization and sublimation
B
boiling and deposition
C
sublimation and melting
D
condensation and melting
3

Ella makes this table to organize her notes on whether atoms gain or lose energy during the changes of state.

Question illustration
A
freezing, boiling, and melting
B
melting, vaporization, and sublimation
C
sublimation, deposition, and condensation
D
freezing, deposition, and condensation
4

Which of these actions would increase heat transfer between two objects?

A
establishing their thermal equilibrium
B
increasing the area of their contact
C
using objects with similar specific heats
D
reducing the time of their contact
5

Which activity is least likely to increase greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

A
using fertilizers on crops
B
using non-chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants
C
running a gasoline-based generator
D
driving in a bus
6

Which statement gives two characteristics of all liquids?

A
They spread out to fill space and have atoms that vibrate in place.
B
They have atoms that vibrate in place and have a definite shape.
C
They will change shape to fit a container and have definite volume.
D
They have definite volume and have atoms that move freely in all directions.
7

Which ranks these materials by the attraction between their atoms from the weakest to the strongest?

A
oxygen gas, liquid water, liquid honey, solid iron ore
B
liquid water, liquid honey, oxygen gas, solid iron ore
C
solid iron ore, liquid honey, liquid water, oxygen gas
D
oxygen gas, liquid honey, liquid water, solid iron ore
8

Four students are analyzing four different substances and recording their findings in this table.Which most describes this table?

Question illustration
A
Leonna has a solid, Xiao and Blake have liquids, and Amir has a gas.
B
Leonna and Amir have gasses, Xiao has a liquid, and Blake has a solid.
C
Leonna has a solid, Xiao has a liquid, Blake has a gas, and Amir made a mistake.
D
Leonna has a solid, Xiao has a liquid, Blake made a mistake, and Amir has a gas.
9

The atoms in a sample are close together but can slide past one another. As the atoms lose energy, they move slower. The atoms become locked in place because of attractive forces between them.

A
gas to solid
B
gas to liquid
C
liquid to solid
D
solid to liquid
11

Which state(s) of matter have no definite shape or volume?

A
liquids and solids
B
liquids and gasses
C
gasses
D
solids
12

A cylinder at left with balls in a layer on the bottom of the cylinder has an arrow leading to a cylinder at right with balls stacked near the bottom of the cylinder.

Question illustration
A
Atoms gain energy as a solid changes to a gas.
B
Atoms gain energy as a liquid changes to a gas.
C
Atoms lose energy as a solid changes to a gas.
D
Atoms lose energy as a liquid changes to a gas.
13

Which would result in the most reflected energy?

A
ice in the winter
B
water in the summer
C
ice in the summer
D
water in the winter
14

Which statement best describes heat and thermal energy?

A
They are different words for the same thing.
B
They represent different concepts.
C
Heat is what happens when thermal energy stops moving between substances.
D
Thermal energy is what happens when heat moves between substances.

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