Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Sometimes new information results in minor changes to a theory. But sometimes new information results in a theory being discarded as incorrect. An example of an incorrect theory that was disproved by the discovery of new information is

A
Ptolemy’s theory of the solar system.
B
the original cell theory.
C
the germ theory.
D
plate tectonic theory.
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Which method of sharing data best enables others to quickly see trends in the data?

A
taking photographs of subjects
B
recording observations in tables
C
writing descriptions of observations
D
making graphs of quantitative results
3

Cornell University recently conducted a study that estimated that honeybees pollinate more than $14 billion worth of crops each year. The study suggested that nearly seventy-five percent of all global crops that are grown for food, fiber, beverages, condiments, spices, and medicines are pollinated. Produced with the help of pollinators, agricultural products including legumes, vegetables, fruits, berries, nuts, herbs, spices, oils, seeds, grains, clover, and cotton make a significant contribution to the economy. As the human population increases, so does the demand for pollination; sadly, the honeybee population is decreasing. Within the past thirty years, parasites, predators, and disease have weakened both wild and managed populations of honeybees. In fact, around the globe, honeybees are being decimated by an epidemic known as colony collapse disorder (CCD). According to this article, who collected information to research the honeybees?

A
Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
B
global farmers
C
Cornell University
D
food manufacturers
4

Edward Jenner’s smallpox inoculation experiment was based on his observation that dairymaids who had had cowpox did not contract smallpox. How did Jenner form his hypothesis from this observation?

A
He asked what would happen if he inoculated a person with cowpox fluid and then later with smallpox fluid.
B
He tested different existing inoculations to see which one was most effective in preventing smallpox.
C
He observed dairymaids who had contracted cowpox to see whether they became immune to smallpox.
D
He drew a conclusion about dairymaids who got cowpox becoming immune to getting smallpox.
5

Dr. Katherine Pollard, a biostatistical researcher, recently changed the method that she used to compare human and chimpanzee DNA. Her research showed that the differences between the two species’ DNA are in segments called switches, which turn certain genes on or off. What is the most likely outcome of Dr. Pollard’s research?

A
Other scientists will repeat her analysis and this may lead to changes in theories.
B
The laws of segregation and independent assortment will change.
C
Dr. Pollard will change experimental methods and repeat the study.
D
The hypothesis will be rewritten to match the outcome of the study.
6

A scientist asked a question that was based on an observation. What should the scientist do next?

A
The scientist should form a hypothesis and design an experiment.
B
The scientist should collect data and organize it into tables.
C
The scientist should draw conclusions based on the observation.
D
The scientist should record and communicate his hypothesis and results.
7

Which most accurately describes the basis of the scientific method?

A
a path of clearly defined steps that must be followed in a particular order
B
a possible answer to a scientific question based on knowledge or research
C
the recipe for how to conduct an experiment that must be followed precisely
D
the process of hypothesis and testing through which scientific inquiry occurs
8

Line graphs that indicate time along the x-axis can be used to predict what would happen to dependent variables in an experiment at a later point in time

A
only if the existing line shows an upward trend.
B
only if the existing line shows a downward trend.
C
if a new variable was introduced to the experiment.
D
if the experiment continued under the same conditions.
9

Which type of information is best represented by a chart?

A
the sequence of chemical reactions in photosynthesis
B
the percentage composition of gases in car exhaust
C
the rate of carbon dioxide production during exercise
D
the numbers of male and female fish in a lake
10

A dependent variable is best described as

A
the variable that causes other variables to change.
B
the variable that must be kept from changing.
C
the variable that responds to changes in an independent variable.
D
the variable that determines which other variables will be independent.
11

A researcher is collecting qualitative data pertaining to social behaviors of deer at different times of the day. How will she most likely need to organize this data?

A
in a pie graph
B
in a bar graph
C
in a line graph
D
in a data table
12

A scientist publishes a paper that states that changes in the levels of gases in the atmosphere of a moon of Saturn indicate that there may be extraterrestrial life on that moon. Which statement correctly answers whether the question of alien life on this moon is scientific?

A
The question is not scientific because it cannot be tested.
B
The question is scientific because it deals with astronomy.
C
The question is not scientific because it involves alien, extraterrestrial life.
D
The question is scientific because it is testable and verifiable.
13

Ali hypothesized that increasing fertilizer would increase plant growth. Four groups of thirty similar plants were given 0 to 15 ml of fertilizer, as shown in the graph. The change in plant height for each group over a two-week period was averaged and recorded.Plant GroupFertilizer Added (mL)Avg. Growth (cm)A04B56C108D153What is the best conclusion based on this data?

A
The hypothesis was not supported because the data indicated that fertilizing plants does not improve plant growth.
B
The hypothesis was supported; to get the best growth, use 5 milliliters of fertilizer per plant.
C
The hypothesis was not supported; the data indicated that too much fertilizer can inhibit plant growth.
D
The hypothesis was supported; to get the best growth, use 15 milliliters of fertilizer per plant.
14

Read the passage about bird food and bird watching. Noted scientist Dr. Elsa Birde described the effect of adding a mixture of dried apples and raisins to the previous feed of sunflower seeds, millet, thistle seed, and cracked corn in bird feeders in her yard. Over three years, Dr. Birde observed that the new mixture increased the number of songbirds at her feeders, especially during the months of April and May. As she has done for several years, Dr. Birde recorded, at the same time each day, the number of birds at each of her four feeders. She noted that the third year using the mixture coincided with the largest increase. There was a twenty-five percent increase in the number of songbirds over times when this mixture was not used. Dr. Birde also noted that in the third year she used a specific ratio of the ingredients, carefully measuring, which she had not done in previous years. The third year also had a warmer than normal spring, and a construction project began in a neighborhood near Dr. Birde’s. Dr. Birde is now going to produce this formula for sale and advertise to customers that they may see the same twenty-five percent increase in songbirds at their feeders.Dr. E. Birde, Journal of Scientific Bird FeedingWhich scientific claim can be made?

A
Songbird numbers will increase due to the effects of climate change increasing global temperatures.
B
Songbirds appear more often in April and May.
C
With an increase in construction, songbirds will move from one neighborhood to another.
D
A study by Dr. Birde showed that the number of songbirds in her yard increased due to a modified food source.
15

Dani wants to measure the volume of a pebble. Which tool will give the most accurate measurement?

A
a ruler
B
a tablespoon
C
a measuring cup
D
a graduated cylinder

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