DNA Mutations — Unit test Answers

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1
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What does DNA provide the code for?

A
nitrogenous base pairing
B
protein synthesis
C
deoxyribose formation
D
nucleotide synthesis
2
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Which is not something that occurs in translation?

A
A codon and an anticodon pair.
B
A peptide bond is created.
C
A molecule of mRNA is formed.
D
An amino acid is added to a polypeptide.
3

A strand of DNA contains the bases adenine, cytosine, cytosine, and guanine, in that order. Which would be the order of the bases on the opposite strand of DNA?

A
cytosine, adenine, adenine, and thymine
B
cytosine, thymine, thymine, and adenine
C
thymine, guanine, guanine, and cytosine
D
thymine, adenine, adenine, and cytosine
4

Which step in transcription occurs first?

A
mRNA moves the code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production.
B
A gene is expressed through protein production.
C
RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.
D
A repressor protein must attach to the operator.
5

Which accurately describes the relationship between cancer risk and exposure to mutagens?

A
Cancer risk decreases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutation decreases as well.
B
Cancer risk increases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations increases as well.
C
Cancer risk increases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations decreases considerably.
D
Cancer risk decreases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations increases considerably.
6

Which flow chart correctly organizes the structures of heredity, from least to most complex?

A
codon ® gene ® DNA ® chromosome
B
gene ® chromosome ® codon ® DNA
C
DNA ® codon ® chromosome ® gene
D
chromosome ® DNA ® gene ® codon
7

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. An individual experiences a mutation that changes a base in a mRNA strand, but during translation the mRNA strand still creates the same protein. Which type of mutation is responsible for the change in the mRNA base?

A
silent
B
missense
C
nonsense
D
insertion
9

Missense, nonsense, and silent mutations are examples of which type of mutation?

A
substitution
B
insertion
C
deletion
D
replication
10

A mutation causes a sequence of DNA that has the nucleotides TTG to be changed to TCG. The resulting protein has a different sequence of amino acids. Which type of mutation is this?

A
missense
B
nonsense
C
silent
D
frameshift
12

Photo 51 is a picture of the structure of DNA that was used to create a model of DNA. Who created the photo?

A
James Watson and Francis Crick
B
Erwin Chargaff
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
Friedrich Miescher
13

Which best describes a codon?

A
a cell structure that gives the master instructions for an organism
B
a segment of DNA that is the basis of heredity in organisms
C
the sequence of three bases that codes for a specific amino acid
D
the basic unit of structure and function of all living things

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