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The coyote's diet includes a wide variety of small mammals, livestock, birds, reptiles, carrion, fruit, and vegetables. It is one of the few animals that has enlarged its range since human encroachment began. Which is the most likely reason for this?

It has adapted its diet to include more variety, thereby increasing its food supply.

It has intermingled with human pets, such as the dog, to increase its population.

It has migrated to ranges with more favorable, moderate climates.

It has an increase in nest and shelter sites within the urban and rural range.

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What term includes all the biotic and abiotic factors in an area?

ecosystem

population

community

organ

A conservation biologist has determined the status of the ecosystems in a protected area, as shown in the table below. Based on the table, which part of the pie chart represents secondary succession?Status of ecosystemsPercentage of protected areaPrimary succession10Secondary succession30Barren land5Established community55

segment A

segment B

segment C

segment D

The tundra ecosystem of Alaska is known as a “cold desert.” It receives very little precipitation, about four inches annually. However, it is rich in wetlands due to permafrost, which traps moisture close to the surface. The temperatures vary widely, also producing persistent winds. Although treeless, the Arctic tundra is an abundant ecosystem. Many organisms find their niche here including many migratory bird species and mammals such as caribou, foxes, bears, and small rodents. Which factor of the tundra ecosystem is biotic?

wind

dead bird

carbon dioxide

temperature

Which describes a disruption in the water cycle that could affect photosynthesis?

Heat causes an excess of transpiration.

Heat causes an excess of evaporation.

Heat causes an excess of condensation.

Heat causes an excess of precipitation.

Water exits the leaves of plants and enters the atmosphere. What is this process called?

photosynthesis

condensation

transpiration

precipitation

A population of zebras experienced ten births, six deaths to predation, three deaths to disease, three individuals joining the population, and zero individuals leaving. What is happening to the population growth?

It is increasing.

It is decreasing.

It is staying the same.

It reaches carrying capacity.

Which answer gives both a positive impact and a negative impact associated with the effects of nitrogen- and phosphorus-enhanced fertilizers?

increased algal blooms and damage to drinking water

increased plant growth and damage to drinking water

increase in denitrifying bacteria and increase in plant growth

increase in a limiting resource and increase in denitrifying bacteria

Which best describes the relationship between two species and a niche?

If two species have the same niche, one species will always become extinct.

Two species are able to occupy the same niche in the same habitat.

Two species cannot occupy the same niche in the same habitat.

If two species have the same niche, one species will always move.

How could the loss of biodiversity affect humans?

It may cause an increase in the human population as competition is reduced.

It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products.

It could lead to a decrease in infectious and other diseases that affect humans.

It could cause a decrease in the amount of pollutants on the planet.

How does mining impact the environment?

It has a positive impact on the environment by permanently altering the ecosystem.

It has a positive impact on the environment by releasing chemicals into the environment.

It has a negative impact on the environment by allowing toxic chemicals to harm wildlife.

It has a negative impact on the environment by providing new niches for wildlife to inhabit.

Why is sustainable use of natural resources important?

to ensure that natural resources are available for future generations

to help make daily life simpler by providing what every person needs

to encourage scientists to make new and elaborate discoveries

to prevent the exchange of resources from one region to another

Humans process some foods by adding chemicals to reduce harmful bacterial growth. This allows foods to be edible for longer periods of time. Which best describes the advantages of food processing?

control of density-independent limiting factors such as disease spread

control of density-dependent limiting factors such as disease spread

control of density-dependent limiting factors such as predation

control of density-independent limiting factors such as predation

What could explain the curve in this population growth graph?