AnswersAZ-Earth and Space Science AThe Earth-Sun-Moon System

The Earth-Sun-Moon System — Unit test Answers

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1
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The sudden eruptions of energy from a small area of the Sun’s surface are known as

A
solar flares.
B
sunspots.
C
prominences.
D
solar winds.
2
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Which is a type of star system?

A
dim stars
B
solar system planets
C
wobbling stars
D
globular clusters
3

Which quantity does a light-year measure?

A
distance
B
speed
C
time
D
volume
4

Lori attended a lecture about the Sun, and the presenter had placed this image on the wall. Which layer of the Sun could this image be referring to?

Question illustration
A
the convection zone, because it shows how energy moves in a convection current
B
the radiation zone, because it shows how energy is transferred through radiation
C
the core, because it shows how the Sun creates energy through the process of nuclear fusion
D
the chromosphere, because it shows how energy is emitted by the atmosphere of the Sun
5

Which is a factor that keeps Earth in orbit around the Sun?

A
the orbital path of the moon
B
the gravitational pull of the Sun
C
the continuous motion of the universe
D
Earth’s changing speed and direction
6

Which characteristic do Mercury and Mars share?

A
many moons
B
rocky surfaces
C
thick atmospheres
D
moderate temperature fluctuations
7

Which remains the same as the distance of an object from Earth changes?

A
size of the force
B
strength of gravity
C
mass of the object
D
weight of the object
8

Why did scientists struggle for thousands of years to accurately describe the solar system?

A
Venus has phases like the moon.
B
Many people spoke Italian and did not understand Latin.
C
The planets appeared to move backward in the sky occasionally.
D
Scientists could not explain why the Sun appeared to rise and set every day.
9

What is the Milky Way?

A
a spiral galaxy in which Earth is located
B
an elliptical galaxy in which Earth is located
C
an irregular galaxy in which Earth is located
D
the closest galaxy to the one in which Earth is located
10

Which is one physical property that all stars have?

A
They are made of gases.
B
They shine very brightly.
C
They have a triangle shape.
D
They contain iron in their cores.
11

Observable matter makes up about what percentage of the universe?

A
5%
B
10%
C
50%
D
95%
12

If astronomers discovered a new inner planet in the solar system, which characteristic would it most likely have?

A
large size
B
gaseous composition
C
many moons
D
fast revolution
13

Solar winds have an influence all the way to about 160 AU from the Sun. About how many kilometers is that?

A
24,000,000,000 km
B
48,000,000,000 km
C
240,000,000,000 km
D
480,000,000,000 km
14

What was discovered in 1965 and is believed to be leftover thermal energy from the big bang?

A
red shift
B
the Eagle Nebula
C
the Doppler effect
D
background radiation
15

What force acts between Earth and the moon?

A
gravity
B
mass
C
motion
D
newtons

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