Cycles of Matter — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which feature separates watersheds?

A
basins
B
bays
C
ridges
D
rivers
2
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What percentage of Earth’s water is fresh water?

A
3 percent
B
25 percent
C
75 percent
D
97 percent
3

Which describes one feature of deep ocean currents?

A
have lower-salinity water
B
carry warm water from the equator
C
have higher-temperature water
D
move more slowly than surface currents
4

Why is the unsaturated zone not filled with water?

A
It is below the water table and water stays above it.
B
It is clay and water pools above it.
C
It is granite and water flows around it.
D
It is permeable and water flows through it.
5

Which best explains why a thick tropical forest filled with large plants typically has a lot of water vapor in the air?

A
The plants undergo transpiration.
B
The plants undergo condensation.
C
The plants prevent water from evaporating.
D
The plants prevent water from becoming runoff.
6

A scientist observes a geyser erupting. Which two objects must be interacting beneath the surface?

A
well and spring
B
spring and magma
C
magma and groundwater
D
groundwater and unsaturated zone
7

Where does warm water accumulate in the Pacific Ocean during El Niño?

A
the east
B
the south
C
the north
D
the west
8

Sydney drew a flow chart to illustrate the nitrogen cycle.

Question illustration
A
X: Producers undergo photosynthesis.Y: Nitrogen compounds are released into the air.
B
X: Nitrogen compounds are released into the air.Y: Producers undergo photosynthesis.
C
X: Free nitrogen is in the atmosphere.Y: Producers absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots.
D
X: Producers absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots.Y: Free nitrogen is in the atmosphere.
9

Which organisms release carbon dioxide as waste?

A
consumers only
B
consumers and decomposers
C
producers and decomposers
D
producers only
10

Which zone within the open-ocean zone is home to the most organisms?

A
deep zone
B
surface zone
C
intertidal zone
D
transition zone
11

In which direction does wave energy travel in the ocean?

A
up and down
B
north and south
C
with the currents
D
toward the shore
12

Which part of the shallow ocean descends sharply away from the continental shelf?

A
abyssal plain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
transitional zone
D
continental slope
13

Which relatively flat feature of the ocean floor is in the open ocean and borders the continental shelf?

A
abyssal plain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
continental slope
D
deep-ocean trench
14

Study this map.

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
15

Energy output readings from tidal power plants in the ocean are low one day compared to the rest of the month.Which event is the most likely cause?

A
neap tides
B
rip currents
C
light winds
D
spring tides

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