AnswersFCS Psychology AReinforcement and Punishment

Reinforcement and Punishment — Unit test Answers

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1
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Preparedness is often linked to the concept of __________.

A
latent learning
B
superstitions
C
phobias
D
learned helplessness
2
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Which of the following events may introduce changes in behavior that can be attributed to learning?

A
hunger
B
illness
C
puberty
D
eating
3

Learning can cause negative behaviors.

A
T
B
F
4

Superstitious behavior is a phenomenon that breaks traditional rules of conditioning.

A
T
B
F
5

Which learning process occurs when organisms are able to distinguish between various similar stimuli and respond only to certain ones?

A
acquisition
B
discrimination
C
extinction
D
generalization
6

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.William is taking part in an experiment. William is instructed to tickle his own nose, and as a result, he is about to sneeze. Before he sneezes, a research assistant shines a light in his eyes. After many repetitions of this behavior, when the research assistant shines a light in his eyes, William feels like he has to sneeze.What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this scenario?

A
William tickling his own nose
B
William sneezing
C
the light
D
the researcher’s presence
7

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Fred is playing the slot machines. After a certain number of plays, he wins a few coins, but Fred is unable to determine how many plays he needs to win. Which of the following statements is true?

A
Fred is on a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement.
B
Fred is on a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement.
C
Fred is on a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement.
D
Fred is on a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement.
8

In order to replicate behavior, one must retain it in memory.

A
T
B
F
9

If a behavior tends to increase after a consequence occurs, that consequence is most likely used as __________.

A
reinforcement
B
punishment
C
extinction
D
aversive stimuli
10

According to research involving observational learning, violent media tends to make observers behave __________.

A
less assertively
B
more assertively
C
less aggressively
D
more aggressively
11

Which of the following processes of operant conditioning involves the gradual disappearance of a behavior?

A
extinction
B
acquisition
C
shaping
D
discrimination
12

Using operant conditioning, B. F. Skinner showed that animals could be trained to perform complex tasks.

A
T
B
F
13

It is possible for learning to occur without repetition or rehearsal of the learning.

A
T
B
F
14

What does it mean when someone says that knowledge cannot be assessed or measured without demonstration? How does this relate to academics?

Answer not available
15

Which of the following is not an example of a learned behavior?

A
being able to smile
B
biting one's nails
C
liking horror films
D
having organized study habits

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