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Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis — Unit test Answers

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Bacteria reproduce through binary fission. Binary fission is a simpler process than mitosis in plants and animals because bacteria

A
are able to produce spores.
B
do not undergo cytokinesis.
C
do not have a nucleus.
D
are single-celled organisms.
2
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When a bacterium damages human lung cells and causes tuberculosis, the human cells that are affected in the lungs are

A
prokaryotic somatic cells.
B
prokaryotic germ cells.
C
eukaryotic somatic cells.
D
eukaryotic germ cells.
3

Which list describes the proper order for protein synthesis?

A
RNA is made ribosome makes protein DNA is copied
Option A
B
ribosome makes protein DNA is copied RNA is made
Option B
C
DNA is copied RNA is made ribosome makes protein
Option C
D
DNA is copied ribosome makes protein RNA is made
Option D
4

Male gametes are called _____, and female gametes are called _____.

A
gamete; zygote
B
testes; ovum
C
sperm; ovum
D
sperm; zygote
5

Abigail is a laboratory assistant. She has been asked to prepare microscope slides of plants undergoing mitosis. Where is the best place to get samples?

A
from the flower petals
B
from the tips of the root
C
from the woody part of a tree
D
from the leaves
6

How do meiosis and fertilization account for the diversity of human traits?

A
They allow for traits to be present in many different combinations.
B
They allow for predictable outcomes from one generation to the next.
C
Together they create a balance between what was separated in meiosis.
D
Together they offset environmental factors that impact fertilization.
7

Dr. Murphy and Dr. Lee are scientists. They are looking at the same type of cells under a microscope. Dr. Murphy can see only the nucleus and the cell membrane. Dr. Lee can see the nucleus, the cell membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the ribosomes, and the mitochondria. What best describes this scenario?

A
Dr. Murphy is using an electron microscope; Dr. Lee is using a light microscope.
B
Dr. Lee is using an electron microscope; Dr. Murphy is using a light microscope.
C
Dr. Murphy’s cells were cultured incorrectly; Dr. Lee’s cells were cultured correctly.
D
Dr. Lee’s cells were cultured incorrectly; Dr. Murphy’s cells were cultured correctly.
8

Cells may become dehydrated when water leaves the cell and enters the surrounding environment, leaving the cell limp and shriveled. When this happens, what type of solution is the cell in, and how would taking in water help the cell?

A
hypertonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
B
hypotonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
C
hypertonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
D
hypotonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
9

Fructose is a sugar molecule that is similar to glucose. It moves from a high concentration outside the cell to a low concentration inside the cell. How would fructose enter a cell?

A
passive diffusion
B
osmosis
C
facilitated diffusion
D
active transport

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