Question 3 • Probability and Statistics with Applications Honors Sem-1-FL-1210300 (2024-2025)
A company that manufactures golf balls produces a new type of ball that is supposed to travel significantly farther than the company’s previous golf ball. To determine this, 40 new-style golf balls and 40 original-style golf balls are randomly selected from the company’s production line on a specific day. The balls are then placed in a bag and shaken. A golf pro then selects a ball and hits it using a driver. The distance the ball travels is then measured. The bag is shaken again, and the golf pro selects another ball and hits it with the same driver. He continues this procedure until all 80 of the golf balls are hit.
Answer
A
Controlling the type of golf club used and having the same golf pro hit the ball eliminates the need to have a control group.
B
Controlling the type of golf club used and having the same golf pro hit the ball that may influence the response variable eliminates variability in the response variable.
C
Controlling the type of golf club used and having the same golf pro hit the ball that may influence the response variable reduces variability in the response variable.
D
Controlling the type of golf club used and having the same golf pro hit the ball means the differences observed in the response variable can be attributed to those variables that were controlled.
Explanation
Using the same driver and the same golf pro keeps two factors that could affect distance consistent for every ball. This reduces variation in the measured distances caused by differences in clubs or players, making it easier to compare the two ball types. It does not eliminate all variability, since other factors can still affect how far a ball travels.
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