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Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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During an adiabatic process in a closed system, what happens to a gas when the gas expands?

A
Its temperature increases.
B
Its temperature decreases.
C
Its molecules gain mass.
D
Its molecules lose mass.
2
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When a substance freezes, its atoms become locked in place so they do not move from one position to another. Therefore, any substance that is frozen is a

A
plasma.
B
gas.
C
liquid.
D
solid.
3

A system uses 49 J of energy to do work, and the change in internal energy is 58 J. How much heat was added to the system?

A
9 J
B
97 J
C
107 J
D
117 J
5

Which best describes the first law of thermodynamics as compared to the second law of thermodynamics?

A
The first law describes how thermal energy is conserved but not the direction it moves.
B
The first law describes the direction thermal energy moves but not how it is conserved.
C
The first law describes how thermal energy can be created but not how it can be destroyed.
D
The first law describes how thermal energy can be destroyed but not how it can be created.
6

Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between thermal energy and

A
mass.
B
other forms of energy.
C
types of engines.
D
temperature.
7

Which is the best example of increasing entropy?

A
A pile of library books is placed in a neat stack on a shelf.
B
A cyclist pedals harder while riding uphill.
C
A deserted field becomes overgrown with weeds.
D
A dining room is cleaned to remove dust.
8

Copper has a specific heat of 0.386 J/g°C. How much heat is required to increase 5.00 g of copper from 0.0°C to 10.0°C?

A
3.86 J
B
5.00 J
C
10.0 J
D
19.3 J
9

Latent heat of vaporization refers to which changes of state?

A
liquid to gas or gas to liquid
B
solid to gas or gas to solid
C
solid to liquid or gas to liquid
D
gas to liquid or liquid to solid
10

What is one difference between water and ice?

A
Ice is more compressed than water.
B
Ice molecules have more charge than water molecules.
C
Water has a lower temperature than ice.
D
Water molecules move more easily than ice molecules.
11

Temperature is a measure of the average energy of particles in a substance.

Answer not available
12

Water has a specific heat of 4.186 J/g°C. How much heat is required to increase 10.0 g of water from 25.0°C to 30.0°C?

A
5.0 J
B
21 J
C
42 J
D
209 J
14

Which changes of state occur between solids and gases? Check all that apply.vaporizationdepositionfreezingmeltingsublimation

A
vaporization
B
deposition
C
freezing
D
melting
E
sublimation
15

The diagram shows a pot sitting on a gas stove burner.

Question illustration
A
stove burner pan bottom of pan handle top of pan handle
Option A
B
top of pan handle bottom of pan handle pan stove burner
Option B
C
pan stove burner bottom of pan handle top of pan handle
Option C
D
top of pan handle bottom of pan handle stove burner pan
Option D
16

What are the units for measuring specific heat?

A
degrees Celsius per gram
B
joules per degrees Celsius
C
joules per gram degree Celsius
D
degrees Celsius per joule gram
17

Which best describes a wave?

A
a collision of particles
B
a disturbance that carries energy
C
a movement of fluids
D
a group of electrically charged molecules
18

Rosa pours a cup of boiling water into a pot of room-temperature water. According to the second law of thermodynamics, what will occur?

A
Thermal energy from the room-temperature water will continuously flow to the boiling water.
B
Thermal energy from the room-temperature water will flow to the boiling water until all of the water in the pot is at a single temperature.
C
Thermal energy from the boiling water will continuously flow to the room-temperature water.
D
Thermal energy from the boiling water will flow to the room-temperature water until all of the water in the pot is at a single temperature.
19

Nya has a cup of hot tea that she lets cool down for several minutes. What effect does cooling have on the tea?

A
Its particles have less kinetic energy.
B
Its particles have more kinetic energy.
C
Its specific heat increases.
D
Its specific heat decreases.
20

In an adiabatic process, the greater the compression of a gas, the greater the pressure of that gas. Based on this information, which graph best shows the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas?

A
A graph with temperature on the x axis and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a diagonal line from the origin with a slope of 1.
Option A
B
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is an inverse relationship.
Option B
C
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a horizontal line.
Option C
D
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a vertical line.
Option D
21

Andre heated several solid crystals of a substance called iodine, and the iodine changed directly to a gas. The iodine gas then cooled and changed into droplets.

A
condensation, then vaporization
B
sublimation, then condensation
C
deposition, then sublimation
D
vaporization, then deposition
22

Zoe finds that the temperature of a substance is 12 degrees Celsius. What does this tell Zoe about the substance?

A
Its internal energy is less than 12 degrees Celsius.
B
Its average kinetic energy is 12 on the Celsius scale.
C
It has a potential energy of 12 degrees Celsius.
D
It has a specific heat of 12 on the Celsius scale.

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