AnswersEO Chemistry 7320BUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Considering the temperature vs. time graph below, how does the temperature at the beginning of a change of state compare with the temperature at the end of the change?

Question illustration
A
The temperature is always lower.
B
The temperature is always the same.
C
The temperature is usually lower.
D
The temperature is usually higher.
2
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The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
4
D
6
3

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

A
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
B
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.
C
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
D
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.
4

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

A
Particle spacing can allow a very high density.
B
Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.
C
Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.
D
Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.
5

The incomplete table below shows a comparison of the different gas laws.NameVariablesConstantsEquationBoyle's law pressure, volume? Charles’s lawvolume, temperature??temperature, pressurevolume, moles of gas?pressure, temperature, volume?What is assumed to be constant when using the combined gas law?

Question illustration
A
pressure
B
number of moles
C
volume and moles of gas
D
pressure and temperature
6

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

A
Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.
B
Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.
C
Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume.
D
Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume.
7

Water’s molar mass is 18.01 g/mol. The molar mass of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol. At 25°C, glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

A
glycerol because it has a larger molar mass
B
glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass
C
water because it has a lower molar mass
D
water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass
8

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

A
arc welder
B
diesel engine
C
a car radio
D
battery-operated flashlight
9

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

A
volume
B
pressure
C
temperature
D
number of particles
10

Which change would increase the pressure exerted by a gas?

A
removing gas molecules from the container
B
transferring the gas to a larger container
C
raising the temperature of the gas
D
reducing the force of the molecules hitting the container
11

The gas in the piston is at constant temperature. A student increases the pressure on the piston from 2 atm to 3 atm.Which gas law would a student use to investigate this situation?

Question illustration
A
Boyle’s law
B
Charles’s law
C
Gay-Lussac’s law
D
ideal gas law
12

A thin-walled plastic bottle is sealed at an altitude of 19,000 feet. What would happen to this bottle if it is carried down to 1,000 feet?

A
It will shrink and collapse.
B
It will expand and burst.
C
It will expand but will not burst.
D
It will shrink but maintain its shape.
13

Which change of state involves a release of energy?

A
boiling
B
condensation
C
melting
D
sublimation
14

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

A
gas
B
liquid
C
plasma
D
solid
15

Which best defines pressure?

A
a measure of the number of particles in a unit area
B
a measure of the force of the collision of particles on a unit area
C
a measure of the number of particles on the outside of a container
D
a measure of the force of the collision of particles on the inside of a container
16

This heating curve is produced when a certain substance is heated.Which best compares the particles of the substance when it is in region 1 with the particles of the substance when it is in region 3?

Question illustration
A
The particles are slower in region 3.
B
The particles are more orderly in region 1.
C
The particles have more kinetic energy in region 1.
D
The particles have less freedom of motion in region 3.
17

Which of the following best identifies where long-range order would be found?

A
in amorphous solids
B
in crystalline solids
C
in thermal plasmas
D
in nonthermal plasmas
18

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

A
higher gas pressure inside the balloon
B
higher air pressure outside the balloon
C
a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon
D
a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon
19

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

A
It decreases rapidly.
B
It increases quickly.
C
It remains the same.
D
It decreases slowly.
20

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

A
Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
B
Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.
C
Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.
D
Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

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