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Read the sentence.We could choose one of three ice cream flavors that had strawberries: cherries; and blueberries; chocolate chips: peanut butter, and fudge; or almonds: walnuts and pecans.

A
We could choose one of three ice cream flavors that had strawberries, cherries, and blueberries; chocolate chips, peanut butter, and fudge; or almonds, walnuts, and pecans.
B
We could choose one of three ice cream flavors that had strawberries: cherries: and blueberries; chocolate chips: peanut butter: and fudge; or almonds: walnuts: and pecans.
C
We could choose one of three ice cream flavors that had strawberries, cherries, and blueberries, chocolate chips, peanut butter, and fudge, or almonds, walnuts, and pecans.
D
We could choose one of three ice cream flavors that had strawberries; cherries; and blueberries; chocolate chips; peanut butter; and fudge; or almonds; walnuts; and pecans.
66

Read the excerpt from "Politics and the English Language" by George Orwell.In our time, political speech and writing are largely the defense of the indefensible. Things like the continuance of British rule in India, the Russian purges and deportations, the dropping of the atom bombs on Japan, can indeed be defended, but only by arguments which are too brutal for most people to face, and which do not square with the professed aims of political parties. Thus political language has to consist largely of euphemism, question-begging and sheer cloudy vagueness. . . . Such phraseology is needed if one wants to name things without calling up mental pictures of them. Consider for instance some comfortable English professor defending Russian totalitarianism. He cannot say outright, "I believe in killing off your opponents when you can get good results by doing so.” Probably, therefore, he will say something like this:While freely conceding that the Soviet regime exhibits certain features which the humanitarian may be inclined to deplore, we must, I think, agree that a certain curtailment of the right to political opposition is an unavoidable concomitant of transitional periods, and that the rigors which the Russian people have been called upon to undergo have been amply justified in the sphere of concrete achievement.

A
Orwell lists statistics to support the underlined claim.
B
Orwell quotes an article with examples of cloudy language.
C
Orwell provides a hypothetical situation with someone using unclear language.
D
Orwell lists facts to prove that most newspapers use puzzling language.
67

Read the excerpt from H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds.But, looking, I presently saw something stirring within the shadow: greyish billowy movements, one above another, and then two luminous disks—like eyes. Then something resembling a little grey snake, about the thickness of a walking stick, coiled up out of the writhing middle, and wriggled in the air towards me—and then another.

A
through realistic dialogue
B
through a comforting tone
C
through scientific explanation
D
through colorful description
68

Consider these versions of The War of the Worlds.Excerpt 1, from H. G. Wells's novel The War of the Worlds:Everything was then quite invisible, hidden by the deep pit and the heap of sand that the fall of the cylinder had made. Anyone coming along the road from Chobham or Woking would have been amazed at the sight—a dwindling multitude of perhaps a hundred people or more standing in a great irregular circle, in ditches, behind bushes, behind gates and hedges, saying little to one another and that in short, excited shouts, and staring, staring hard at a few heaps of sand.Excerpt 2, from Howard E. Koch's script for Orson Welles's radio adaptation:PHILLIPS: Ladies and gentlemen, you've just heard Mr. Wilmuth, owner of the farm where this thing has fallen. I wish I could convey the atmosphere . . . the background of this . . . fantastic scene. Hundreds of cars are parked in a field in back of us. Police are trying to rope off the roadway leading to the farm. But it's no use. They're breaking right through. Cars' headlights throw an enormous spot on the pit where the object's half buried. Some of the more daring souls are now venturing near the edge. Their silhouettes stand out against the metal sheen.(FAINT HUMMING SOUND)One man wants to touch the thing . . . he's having an argument with a policeman. The policeman wins . . .Which statements describe similarities in the authors' craft? Select 3 options.Both authors use descriptive adjectives.Both authors impart an ominous mood.Both authors cite scientific research.Both authors offer social criticism.Both authors use a concerned tone.

A
Both authors use descriptive adjectives.
B
Both authors impart an ominous mood.
C
Both authors cite scientific research.
D
Both authors offer social criticism.
E
Both authors use a concerned tone.
69

Read the sentence.Michael Jordan, the basketball player, won six championships for the Chicago Bulls.

A
an independent clause.
B
a nonrestrictive phrase.
C
a restrictive phrase.
D
a dependent clause.
70

Read the sentence.We’re not sure if the tickets are for the preview night, the opening night, this weekend or next week.

B
Both commas should be deleted.
T
There should be a colon after “for.”
T
The commas should be replaced by semicolons.
T
There should be a comma after “weekend.”
71

Which of these are metaphors? Choose two answers.She is the sun of my sky.They fought like cats and dogs.The child is as quiet as a mouse.Her coat was as black as coal.Life is a roller coaster.

S
She is the sun of my sky.
T
They fought like cats and dogs.
T
The child is as quiet as a mouse.
H
Her coat was as black as coal.
L
Life is a roller coaster.
73

Read the excerpt from "Politics and the English Language" by George Orwell.I think the following rules will cover most cases:(i) Never use a metaphor, simile or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print.(ii) Never use a long word where a short one will do.(iii) If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out.(iv) Never use the passive where you can use the active.(v) Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word or a jargon word if you can think of an everyday English equivalent.(vi) Break any of these rules sooner than say anything barbarous.

A
Orwell’s purpose is to inform readers about political situations. He achieves this by providing a list of specific rules for writing simply.
B
Orwell’s purpose is to inform readers about political situations. He achieves this by showing an example of poorly written language.
C
Orwell’s purpose is to persuade readers to use simple language in political writing. He achieves this by providing a list of specific rules for writing simply.
D
Orwell’s purpose is to persuade readers to use simple language in political writing. He achieves this by showing an example of poorly written language.
74

Read the lines from "The Gardner" by Rabindranath Tagore.With a glance of your eyes you could plunder all the wealth of songs struck from poets’ harps, fair woman! But for their praises you have no ear, therefore I come to praise you You could humble at your feet the proudest heads in the world.

A
gain insight into the speaker’s feelings for the woman.
B
imagine exactly what the harps would sound like.
C
think that the woman has very poor hearing.
D
visualize what the “proudest heads in the world” look like.
75

Read the lines from "84" by Rabindranath Tagore.Let none go back home, brothers, this morning, let none go to work.Let us take the blue sky by storm and plunder space as we run.Laughter floats in the air like foam on the flood.Brothers, let us squander our morning in futile songs.

A
creates a detached effect, since the reader is not addressed directly.
B
causes the reader to feel alienated if he or she does not have any brothers.
C
helps define the speaker’s voice in relation to his “brothers,” or community.
D
allows the reader to visualize all of the poet’s family and friends.
76

Read the excerpt from Shirley Chisholm’s presidential announcement speech. I know from my travels to the cities and small towns of America that we have a vast potential which can and must be put to constructive use in getting this great nation together. I know that millions of Americans from all walks of life agree with me, that leadership does not mean putting the ear to the ground to follow public opinion, but to have the vision of what is necessary and the courage to make it possible.

A
She establishes credibility by discussing her travels and her widespread support.
B
She appeals to the audience’s emotions by mentioning their “great nation” and their “courage.”
C
She asserts that she has the backing and authority of “leadership” and “public opinion.”
D
She reasons that having a clear and true vision is needed to create unity in the country.
77

Carol is writing a rhetorical analysis about Shirley Chisholm’s presidential announcement speech and how it appealed to people’s desire for innovative ideas in governing. She wants to add evidence to support her analysis.

A
“I stand here now, without endorsement from many big-name politicians or celebrities or any other kind of prop.”
B
“But we are entering a new era in which we must as Americans demand stature and size in our national leadership.”
C
“Americans all over are demanding a new sensibility, a new philosophy of government from Washington.”
D
“The abiding concern of this administration has been one of political expediency rather than the needs of man’s nature.”
79

Which sentences contain phrases that are hyphenated correctly? Select 3 options.Over a-third of our class walks to school, while another-third rides the bus.The recipe only uses one-sixteenth of a cup of sugar per thirty-two cupcakes.We planted forty-two trees, but the twenty-two apple trees were my favorites.I will be twenty-five years old the same year that my grandma is one-hundred.We had to memorize twenty-one verses, which was only one-half of the poem.

O
Over a-third of our class walks to school, while another-third rides the bus.
T
The recipe only uses one-sixteenth of a cup of sugar per thirty-two cupcakes.
W
We planted forty-two trees, but the twenty-two apple trees were my favorites.
I
I will be twenty-five years old the same year that my grandma is one-hundred.
W
We had to memorize twenty-one verses, which was only one-half of the poem.
80

Read the sentence.The entire first period class agreed that yesterday’s algebra homework which the teacher assigned was a really fun challenge.

I
Insert commas around “yesterday’s algebra homework” because it is a restrictive element.
I
Insert a comma after “the entire first period class” because it is a restrictive element.
I
Insert commas around “which the teacher assigned” because it is a nonrestrictive element.
I
Insert a comma before “a really fun challenge” because it is a nonrestrictive element.

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