Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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This image shows a volcanic eruption in Hawaii with lava flowing into the sea.

Question illustration
A
Its magma is high in silica.
B
Its magma has low viscosity.
C
Its gases are released in rapid bursts.
D
Its lava came from an explosive eruption.
4

Which indicates how evidence of climate change supports the theory of continental drift?

A
coal fields in several continents
B
volcano formation
C
glacial evidence found in South Africa
D
folded mountains in Africa and South America
5

When were Earth’s landmasses first recognizable as the continents we know today?

A
10 million years ago
B
135 million years ago
C
180 million years ago
D
300 million years ago
6

Which statement describes the damage that results from earthquakes?

A
Amount of damage can be used to determine intensity.
B
Damage can be measured using the Richter scale.
C
The amount of damage increases as magnitude decreases.
D
Earthquakes that cause maximum damage are the most common.
7

Which plate forms a boundary with the African Plate?

Question illustration
A
Pacific
B
South American
C
Nazca
D
Philippine
8

The image below shows a fault.

Question illustration
A
The hanging wall and footwall both move vertically.
B
Shearing is causing the plates to slide past each other.
C
The hanging wall moves down in relation to the footwall.
D
Compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
9

The image shows a mountain peak in Asia.

Question illustration
A
compression
B
gravity
C
shearing
D
tension
10

Which statement best describes the theory of plate tectonics?

A
Plates sometimes move closer to one another.
B
Sections of Earth that shift are part of Earth’s asthenosphere.
C
Sections of Earth’s continents are in slow, constant movement.
D
Parts of the ocean floor move as they are carried by rift valleys.
11

How do geologists study direct evidence of Earth’s interior?

A
by collecting drill core samples of Earth’s crust
B
by measuring seismic wave activity
C
by analyzing how living things survive
D
by recording changes in climate patterns
13

Which is one type of evidence that geologists usually study?

A
location of Earth in outer space
B
waves that move through Earth
C
interactions between living things on Earth
D
diversity of life found on Earth
14

What does the presence of new rock near an oceanic ridge indicate?

A
There is always a deep-sea trench underneath.
B
There is evidence of seafloor spreading.
C
They are made from oceanic crust.
D
They have iron oriented in different directions.
15

Which phrase best defines a mountain range?

A
a landform with an individual peak
B
a landform with multiple mountain ranges
C
a landform with multiple mountain systems
D
a landform with multiple peaks in the same area
16

How did Wegener explain why fossils of land animals were found on continents that are across oceans from one another?

A
Animals evolved separately on each continent.
B
Land bridges existed between the continents.
C
Animals swam across the ocean to new continents.
D
Continents were once one landmass and have drifted apart.
17

Which statement describes one of Wegener’s ideas that contributed to the theory of continental drift?

A
The continents drifted apart due to repeated meteor impacts.
B
The continents were once connected as one landmass.
C
The continents have moved apart very quickly due to earthquakes.
D
The continents are magnetically pulled toward or pushed away from one another.
19

What may occur when convergent boundaries interact?

A
formation of island chains
B
creation of mid-ocean ridges
C
creation of convection currents
D
formation of rift valleys
20

The image shows mountains in Alaska.

Question illustration
A
A syncline is visible.
B
An anticline is visible.
C
These mountains show no evidence of folding.
D
These mountains likely formed from normal faults.

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