AnswersAISD-Biology A CR - 25-26Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which sphere of Earth includes icebergs?

A
atmosphere
B
biosphere
C
cryosphere
D
geosphere
2
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A volcanic eruption releasing rock, ash, and dust particles into the air is an example of which interaction?

A
the biosphere interacting with the geosphere
B
the geosphere interacting with the atmosphere
C
the geosphere interacting with the hydrosphere
D
the hydrosphere interacting with the atmosphere
3

The graphic below shows how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related.Which label in the graphic represents the energy that is released from glucose by cellular respiration?

Question illustration
A
Oxygen
B
Glucose
C
Energy stored as ATP
D
Carbon dioxide and water
4

Hemophilia is a disease that causes uncontrollable bleeding. If a father has it, all of his daughters will be carriers of the disease. Which macromolecule is involved in how hemophilia is passed from parents to their children?

A
carbohydrate
B
lipid
C
nucleic acid
D
protein
5

A dietician asks a patient about the food that the patient eats and makes the table below to summarize the results.MacromoleculeSuggested percentage of dietActual percentage of dietCarbohydrates45–65%70%Lipids20–35%5%Proteins10–35%25%Based on the table, what advice do you think that the dietician will give the patient?

A
The patient should increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) and decrease the amount of oils in his or her diet.
B
The patient should decrease the amount of lean meats (proteins) and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
C
The patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
D
The patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) in his or her diet.
6

Which best describes eras and periods?

A
Eras have a smaller time span than periods.
B
Eras and periods are independent of each other.
C
Eras and periods both appear at the start of the Cambrian period.
D
Eras were more recently established on the time scale than periods.
7

Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. She found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. What other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air?

A
ozone (O3)
B
hydrogen (H2)
C
water vapor (H2O)
D
sulfur dioxide (SO2)
8

Which best explains a primary reason for the inability of life to exist in Earth’s early atmosphere?

A
There was insufficient energy from material collisions to change their density.
B
High temperatures during Precambrian time caused surface water evaporation.
C
Volcanic eruptions and comet collisions added different gases to the atmosphere.
D
Available oxygen was used to help create an ozone layer within Earth’s atmosphere.
9

Which will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

A
adding a catalyst
B
decreasing the pressure
C
decreasing the temperature
D
removing a catalyst
10

Which statement best describes the relationship between activation energy and rate of reaction?

A
Increasing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
B
Reducing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
C
Increasing the reaction energy does not alter the rate of reaction.
D
Reducing the activation energy can decrease the rate of a reaction.
11

Which spheres of Earth are directly influenced when human-caused air pollution leads to acid rain that dissolves limestone rocks?

A
atmosphere, cryosphere, geosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
C
geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
D
biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere
12

The graph below compares the rates of reaction of a burning candle and an exploding firework.What can you conclude from the graph?

Question illustration
A
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
B
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
C
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
D
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
13

A tropical rainforest includes trees, animals, insects, plants, rain, rivers, rocks, soil, and warm, moist air.Which spheres of Earth are represented in a tropical rainforest?

A
biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, ionosphere
C
geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere
D
ionosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
14

A patient has diabetes, a disease that causes high blood sugar levels. Which macromolecule will a dietician monitor most closely in a patient that has the disease?

A
carbohydrates
B
lipids
C
nucleic acids
D
proteins
15

An important difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is that when cellular respiration begins, glucose molecules are split. However, when photosynthesis begins

A
ADP molecules are split.
B
water molecules are split.
C
oxygen molecules are split.
D
carbon dioxide molecules are split.
16

Which statement about enzymes is true?

A
An enzyme functions to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction.
B
Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts in nonliving things.
C
Each enzyme can catalyze many different biochemical reactions.
D
Enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key.
17

Which organism would be the best subject for a study of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A
a green plant
B
a chemosynthetic bacterium
C
an animal that eats plants
D
an animal that eats animals
18

A scientist is examining the function of macromolecules in a cell. She notices that movement of large molecules into and out of the cell is disrupted when she damages one specific type of macromolecule. Which macromolecule has she most likely damaged?

A
a carbohydrate
B
a steroid
C
a nucleic acid
D
a protein
19

Study the diagram of the geologic time scale.Which method is most likely used to identify what happened before the start of the Paleozoic era?

Question illustration
A
Scientists study fossils from the Jurassic period.
B
Scientists observe index fossil records of the Mesozoic era.
C
Scientists examine fossil evidence during the Precambrian time.
D
Scientists explore the emergence of mammals and humans in the Cenozoic era.
20

If the activation energy required for a chemical reaction were reduced, what would happen to the rate of the reaction?

A
The rate would increase.
B
The rate would decrease.
C
The rate would remain the same.
D
The rate would be zero.

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