Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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21
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What were affirmative action programs originally designed to encourage?

A
increasing diversity in public institutions and businesses
B
beginning the process of desegregation in schools
C
establishing complete equality in admissions and hiring practices
D
ending separation based on race in housing
22
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Which of these provisions is part of the Eighth Amendment?

A
Witnesses must appear in court.
B
A speedy trial is required.
C
Counsel must be provided.
D
Reasonable bail must be set.
23

In the case Gitlow v. New York, Gitlow argued

A
that his First Amendment rights were being violated.
B
that he couldn't be convicted of the same crime twice.
C
that his Sixth Amendment rights guaranteed him the right to a jury.
D
that he couldn't be jailed without being charged with a crime.
24

What factor do Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, and Regents of California v. Bakke have in common?

A
All three cases improved civil rights for minorities.
B
All three cases went to the Supreme Court for ruling.
C
All three cases ruled in favor of the individual.
D
All three cases took place in the twentieth century.
25

Read the following amendment to the U.S. Constitution.The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.Which amendment is this?

A
Fifteenth
B
Nineteenth
C
Twenty-first
D
Twenty-sixth
26

In the term "due process,” the word "process” refers to the way in which

A
prison sentences are handed down.
B
the law is followed in trying a case.
C
court decisions are worded.
D
warrants are written and used.
27

Courts that use a landmark case as precedent for a decision are

A
using an earlier case as a guide.
B
changing the previous case’s decision.
C
using a third party to review the case.
D
sending the case to a higher court for review.
28

Following the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment, states attempted to limit voting rights of African Americans through

A
registration quotas.
B
state constitutions.
C
poll taxes and literacy tests.
D
blood tests and genealogy.
29

In Furman v. Georgia (1972), William Furman claimed his sentence was

A
appropriate.
B
overly lenient.
C
cruel and unusual.
D
accidental.
30

The First Amendment’s free-exercise clause gives

A
the government the right to promote specific religions and faiths.
B
the people the right to set up religious displays on public property.
C
the government the right to create a national religion for all people.
D
the people the right to choose their own set of religious beliefs.
31

The sixth and eighth amendments reflect the purpose of the Bill of Rights to

A
protect the rights of citizens.
B
describe the separation of powers.
C
assert the authority of the federal government.
D
outline the federal system.
32

Which of the following did the Civil Rights Act accomplish?

A
It ended public segregation.
B
It ended poll taxes.
C
It ended voter literacy tests.
D
It ended gender discrimination.
33

Edwards v. South Carolina focused on two issues: the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances and

A
the right to symbolic speech.
B
the freedom of the press.
C
the freedom of religion.
D
the right to peacefully assemble.
34

The Sixth Amendment ensures a citizen’s right to

A
worship freely.
B
vote.
C
have a fair trial.
D
bear arms.
35

The Fourth Amendment implies privacy because it protects the right

A
to own property.
B
to have personal items.
C
to be secure in one’s home.
D
to make one’s own decisions.
36

Which amendment best addresses the fears of Anti-Federalists of a central government with too much power?

A
the First Amendment
B
the Fourth Amendment
C
the Ninth Amendment
D
the Tenth Amendment
37

The events surrounding Tinker v. Des Moines involved a school. Which statement best explains why the Supreme Court ruled in the students’ favor?

A
The events involved symbolic speech without disruption.
B
The First Amendment always applies to issues of speech.
C
The events involved controversial issues.
D
The protest was an act of civil disobedience.
38

Which right is implied by the Second Amendment’s right to bear arms?

A
the right to own property
B
the right to defend one’s honor
C
the right to serve in the military
D
the right to protect oneself
39

What was one limitation of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education?

A
It required desegregation only in private schools.
B
It required desegregation but not active integration.
C
It required integration in all public facilities.
D
It required states to maintain separate schools.
40

How did the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson affect the legalities of segregation?

A
It set “separate but equal” as a legal precedent.
B
It implemented desegregation legislation.
C
It determined that separation based on race can never be equal.
D
It discouraged people from continued protests.

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