AnswersEARTH SCIENCE A 15200Unit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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According to the big bang theory, which statement is accurate about how the universe came to be?

A
It expanded slowly.
B
It gradually warmed.
C
Stars and galaxies formed.
D
Atoms such as hydrogen were destroyed.
2
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Which event occurs during high tide?

A
All of Earth’s ocean levels rise.
B
The moon’s orbit is closer to Earth.
C
The gravity of the Sun and moon cause the Earth’s crust and water to bulge.
D
Earth’s crust and water are being pulled in opposite directions by the Sun and moon.
3

Which phrase describes the composition of the outer planets?

A
are gaseous
B
contain water
C
have high densities
D
are made mostly of liquid
4

What is released through nuclear fusion in stars?

A
energy
B
gas
C
mass
D
pressure
5

Which planet revolves slowly around the Sun, has rings, and is known for its Great Red Spot?

A
Jupiter
B
Mars
C
Neptune
D
Saturn
6

Which object(s) formed last in our solar system?

A
the Sun
B
the solar nebula
C
the inner planets
D
the planetesimals
7

When two objects are near each other, how would increasing one object’s mass affect it?

A
The shape of the object would change.
B
The weight of the object would decrease.
C
The gravitational force of the object would increase.
D
The mass of the object would be stronger than gravity.
8

Which statement accurately describes a light-year?

A
It is the shape of a galaxy.
B
It is the distance that light travels in a year.
C
It is a yearly measurement of light given off by stars.
D
It is the amount of time it takes light to travel one million kilometers.
9

Which two characteristics are used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

A
size and density
B
density and composition
C
composition and temperature
D
temperature and absolute brightness
10

At which location would an object’s weight be the greatest?

A
on Pluto
B
on Earth
C
on the Sun
D
on the moon
11

How is the moon illuminated?

A
It produces its own light.
B
It reflects light from the Sun.
C
It transforms energy into light.
D
It absorbs light from the Earth.
12

Which type of star system has the most stars?

A
open cluster
B
globular cluster
C
eclipsing binary
D
binary star system
13

What is some of the evidence used by Galileo to support Copernicus’s model and disprove Aristotle and Ptolemy’s?

A
Each planet spins in an epicycle.
B
Planets appear to move backward.
C
Jupiter has moons orbiting it.
D
The religious and cultural beliefs supported this model.
14

Which planet is terrestrial?

A
Jupiter
B
Mars
C
Saturn
D
Uranus
15

What can be observed only by observing its effects on gravity?

A
dark matter
B
a solar nebula
C
gas and dust
D
a planetesimal
16

Which statement explains how planets move in orbit as supported by Newton’s first law of motion?

A
Planets can change the direction of their own orbital path.
B
Planets can change orbits due to their inertia.
C
Planets in motion will have a constant speed unless acted on by an outside force.
D
Planets with a greater mass will orbit more quickly than smaller planets.
17

Which type of galaxy has arms that contain sites of active star formation and start close to a bulge in the center?

A
elliptical
B
irregular
C
barred spiral
D
normal spiral
18

What will a medium-mass star become at the very end of its life cycle?

A
a red giant
B
a black hole
C
a black dwarf
D
a neutron star
19

Look at the diagram of the moon and three different paths that it could take.

Question illustration
A
the path of the moon toward the Sun
B
the path of the moon’s orbit around Earth
C
the path the moon would take if it had a larger mass than the Sun
D
the path the moon would take if there was no force of Earth’s gravity
20

Which correctly lists three planets that have rings?

A
Jupiter, Mars, Saturn
B
Mars, Jupiter, Mercury
C
Mercury, Mars, Venus
D
Neptune, Uranus, Jupiter

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