AnswersISP ONLY Chemistry S1 Q3000XXElements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures — Unit test Answers

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Iron, an element with the chemical symbol Fe, is an important element. It is used to make steel and is part of the substance that transports oxygen throughout the human body.Which statement about Fe is supported by the modern atomic theory but not John Dalton’s theory?

A
The element iron is composed of small particles called atoms.
B
The electrons of iron have probable locations in a region of space around the nucleus.
C
Iron atoms combine with other atoms in whole number ratios to form compounds.
D
Chemical reactions that involve iron do not create new atoms of iron.
24

Who was the first to propose the existence of atoms?

A
John Dalton
B
Democritus
C
Joseph Proust
D
Ernest Rutherford
25

Which is a correct set of values of m for one of the subshells of n = 2?

A
–1, 0, 1
B
–1, –2, 0, 1, 2
C
–1, –2, –3, 0, 1, 2, 3
D
–1, –2, –3, –4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
27

To show the electron configuration for an atom, when would it be better to use an orbital notation than to use a written configuration with numbers, letters, and superscripts?

A
when the aim is to use less space
B
when the aim is to show electron spins
C
when the aim is to show orbital shapes in subshells
D
when the aim is to show electron distributions in shells
28

Which element is the most reactive?

A
sodium
B
nickel
C
carbon
D
oxygen
30

Which statement best describes how electrons fill orbitals in the periodic table?

A
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from left to right.
B
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from right to left.
C
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from top to bottom in each group.
D
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from bottom to top in each group.
32

What did Ernest Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrate about an atom?

A
Each atom is composed of electrons and positive material.
B
The mass of the atom is evenly spread throughout the atom.
C
Neutrons are located in the center of the atom.
D
Positive charge occupies a very small volume in the atom.
33

Which best explains why ionization energy tends to decrease from the top to the bottom of a group?

A
The number of orbitals decreases.
B
The number of neutrons decreases.
C
Electrons get closer to the nucleus.
D
Electrons get farther from the nucleus.
35

How did Niels Bohr describe electrons in his atomic model?

A
Their energies can have any values.
B
Their exact positions cannot be known.
C
They have high probability to be found in certain regions.
D
They orbit the central nucleus in discrete paths.
36

Which scientist is known for developing the planetary model of the atom?

A
Niels Bohr
B
Albert Einstein
C
Johannes Rydberg
D
Robert Millikan
37

Which describes Ernest Rutherford’s experiment?

A
Positive particles are fired at gold foil. Most bounce back, but some pass through.
B
Negative particles are fired at gold foil. Most bounce back, but some pass through.
C
Positive particles are fired at gold foil. Most pass through, but some bounce back.
D
Negative particles are fired at gold foil. Most pass through, but some bounce back.
38

The elements of which group are nonreactive?

A
halogens
B
alkaline earth metals
C
noble gases
D
alkali metals

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