AnswersAnatomy Physiology AHeredity and Heritability

Heredity and Heritability — Unit test Answers

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A couple has a known family history of a genetic disorder. They visit a doctor before they have their first child, and the doctor performs karyotyping on both the male and the female. What is the doctor most likely trying to do?

A
find possible chromosomal abnormalities that the couple could pass on to the child
B
cure any genetic disorders that are found during the karyotyping process
C
treat possible genetic disorders so they are not passed on to the couple’s child
D
obtain a record of the couple’s chromosomal counts for the medical community
2
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Hydrogen and oxygen are two of the main elements found in the human body. Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, and oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Therefore, it can be concluded that

A
there is more hydrogen than oxygen in the human body.
B
oxygen has more isotopes than hydrogen.
C
an oxygen atom has more protons than a hydrogen atom.
D
hydrogen always has more electrons than oxygen.
4

A patient needs surgery to open a clogged heart artery. This patient should look for a surgeon who is an expert in which of the following?

A
superficial anatomy of the circulatory system
B
functional anatomy of the circulatory system
C
superficial anatomy of the nervous system
D
functional anatomy of the nervous system
5

In organisms such as plants and mammals, DNA is

A
an atom that produces gametes.
B
an enzyme that manufactures proteins.
C
a nucleic acid that stores genetic information.
D
a nucleobase that reproduces offspring.
6

Which best describes the main role of digestion in the human body?

A
to build large molecules
B
to power other cell processes
C
to release energy
D
to absorb food molecules
7

Cancer is a disease that is caused by genetic mutations. Which health professionals are least likely to face risk factors in their work that could increase their chances of cancer?

A
scientists who work with toxic chemicals
B
therapists who operate radiation machines
C
nurses who treat patients with viral infections
D
researchers who study DNA replication
9

Milk and water are an important part of most healthy diets. Unlike water, milk contains a lot of calcium and vitamin D. In contrast to drinking water, drinking milk

A
rids the body of waste.
B
helps cells function properly.
C
keeps the body from losing fluids.
D
provides the body with building blocks.
10

A person who studies genetics is called a geneticist. A geneticist would most likely be interested in learning about which of the following?

A
the structure of all molecules found in humans
B
the behaviors that children learn from their parents and environment
C
the number of offspring produced by humans
D
the way in which diseases are passed from parent to offspring
11

Which statement best describes the difference between genetic diseases and genetic disorders?

A
Genetic diseases are caused by problems with DNA, and genetic disorders are caused by problems with genes.
B
Genetic diseases are related to dominant genes, and genetic disorders are related to recessive genes.
C
Genetic diseases can be passed on to many generations, and genetic disorders can be passed on only to a single generation.
D
Genetic diseases have measurable symptoms, and genetic disorders may not affect day to day life.
12

Which would most likely be used to diagnose Turner syndrome?

A
an enzyme test
B
a karyotype
C
a blood-clotting test
D
a blood transfusion
13

A sodium atom can react with a chlorine atom and form an ionic bond. Which statement related to their ionic bond must be true?

A
Both of the atoms share their electrons.
B
Sodium and chlorine bond to form very large structures.
C
The bond that is formed is the strongest type of chemical bond.
D
One of the atoms donates an electron to the other atom.
16

Which of these is a likely goal of scientists involved in the Human Genome Project?

A
to create a map of every female’s genome
B
to understand the function of genes that are affected by disease
C
to prove that all medical conditions are related to specific genes
D
to develop organisms that have identical genomes

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