Unit Test — Unit test Answers

Shirley went for a run. During her run, her body was creating energy so that she could go a longer distance. Which step of cellular respiration converts each of her glucose molecules into pyruvic acid?

A

citric acid cycle

B

glycolysis

C

electron transport chain

D

phosphorylation

22

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Why is meiosis I referred to as the reduction division?

A

The amount of cells at the end is reduced.

B

The amount of genetic material is reduced.

C

The amount of steps in the process is reduced.

D

The amount of spindle fibers involved is reduced.

23

What is the correct order for the history of cell research?

A

Koch studies tuberculosis Schwann studies cell division Hooke first uses a microscope

B

Schwann studies cell division Hooke first uses a microscope Koch studies tuberculosis

C

Hooke first uses a microscope Schwann studies cell division Koch studies tuberculosis

D

Hooke first uses a microscope Koch studies tuberculosis Schwann studies cell division

24

Nerissa is using immunostaining to identify different protein molecules on the cell of a pathogen. Which best describes the process that she will go through to identify the protein?

A

She will grow the cells under certain conditions to grow numerous amounts of cells.

B

She will grow the cells under certain conditions to grow numerous amounts of cells.

C

She will add color dye to antibodies, and the antibodies will attach to the antigen of the pathogen.

D

She will add color dye to antibodies, and the antibodies will attach to the antigen of the pathogen.

E

She will tag parts of the DNA with chemicals that will react when the DNA is turned on.

F

She will tag parts of the DNA with chemicals that will react when the DNA is turned on.

G

She will use a light microscope to identify proteins on the cell of a pathogen.

H

She will use a light microscope to identify proteins on the cell of a pathogen.

25

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of

A

passive transport.

B

passive transport.

C

active transport.

D

active transport.

E

isotonic transport.

F

isotonic transport.

G

endocytosis transport.

H

endocytosis transport.

26

During which phase does the nucleus begin to break down?

A

prophase II

B

prophase II

C

metaphase II

D

metaphase II

E

anaphase II

F

anaphase II

G

telophase II

H

telophase II

27

Bone marrow transplants are given to patients who cannot make their own blood cells. The transplant gives a patient stem cells. What best explains what is happening when the patient receives the transplant?

A

Transplanted cells change bacteria into blood cells.

B

Transplanted cells change bacteria into blood cells.

C

Germ cells cause a release of blood cells.

D

Germ cells cause a release of blood cells.

E

Bacterial cells produce a toxin to make more blood cells.

F

Bacterial cells produce a toxin to make more blood cells.

G

Cells that have an undefined role develop into blood cells.

H

Cells that have an undefined role develop into blood cells.

28

How are the molecules in the cell membrane arranged?

A

as a lipid bilayer

B

as a lipid bilayer

C

as a protein bilayer

D

as a protein bilayer

E

as a carbohydrate bilayer

F

as a carbohydrate bilayer

G

as a DNA bilayer

H

as a DNA bilayer

29

Why is the plasma membrane selective?

A

so water cannot enter or exit the cell

B

so waste products do not enter the cell

C

so lipid-soluble molecules do not enter or exit the plasma membrane unassisted

D

so large molecules can pass through the plasma membrane unassisted

30

Glycogen is a molecule that contains many glucose molecules. Which best describes glycogen?

A

Glycogen is a lipid and helps the body use energy.

B

Glycogen is a polysaccharide and helps the body use energy.

C

Glycogen is an amino acid and is used as a building block for other materials.

D

Glycogen is a nucleic acid and is used as a building block for other materials.

31

Organic compounds are more plentiful in the human body because carbon

A

transfers important minerals.

B

reacts well with water.

C

is delivered to the body via salts.

D

can create so many bonds.

32

Cells can make proteins that need to be transported out of the cell and moved to another part of the body. Cells also make carbon dioxide as a waste product of cellular respiration. Proteins are large molecules; carbon dioxide is a small molecule. Which best describes how the proteins and carbon dioxide are going to exit the cell?

A

The proteins will be transported through endocytosis; the carbon dioxide will be transported by active transport.

B

The proteins will be transported through exocytosis; the carbon dioxide will diffuse through the membrane.

C

The proteins will be transported by active transport; the carbon dioxide will be transported by osmosis.

D

The proteins will be transported by facilitated diffusion; the carbon dioxide will be transported by exocytosis.

33

Which type of biomolecule includes fats and vitamins?

A

amino acid

B

amino acid

C

lipids

D

lipids

E

polysaccharide

F

polysaccharide

G

macromolecule

H

macromolecule

34

Jaina just got home from a difficult workout. She is complaining of muscle soreness and cramps. Which waste product of fermentation caused the soreness and cramps?

A

lactic acid

B

pyruvic acid

C

ATP

D

carbon dioxide

35

What are the principles that individuals and groups use to determine right and wrong?

A

ethics

B

genetic engineering

C

vaccinations

D

epidemiology

36

While examining a cell culture, Juan noticed one cell that showed matching halves of chromosomes near opposite ends of the cell. What will most likely happen next to this cell?

A

A new nuclear membrane will form.

B

Chromosomes will align in the center.

C

Two spindle fibers will form.

D

Chromosomes will split in half.

37

Aileen is feeling sick. She has a fever and is sniffling. What does Aileen’s sickness indicate about cell function?

A

Her cells are undergoing proper metabolism.

B

Her cells are undergoing proper cell division.

C

Her cells are functioning at optimal performance.

D

Her cells are functioning improperly.

38

All the DNA of the bacterium Escherichia coli is located in the

A

nucleoid region of the cell.

B

nucleus of the cell.

C

ribosomes of the cell.

D

flagella of the cell.

39

The esophagus, a tube that carries food to the stomach, is constantly being scraped as food travels through it. Why does the esophagus not deteriorate through a person’s lifetime?

A

Cells can anabolize the food prior to entering the esophagus.

B

Cells are constantly dividing and replacing old or damaged cells.

C

Cells promote a fluid to build up along the esophagus to reduce friction.

D

Cells build a type of protein called enzymes that act as an armor.

40

A sample of cells was sent to a lab. The lab technician measured a chemical that the cell produced that caused the other cells around it to divide uncontrollably. What disease do the cellular secretions most likely indicate?

A

cancer

B

cancer

C

tuberculosis

D

tuberculosis

E

sickle cell disease

F

sickle cell disease

G

diabetes mellitus

H

diabetes mellitus

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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