Answers26-27 WHS-Chemistry-1stSixWeeksThe Structure of the Atom

The Structure of the Atom — Unit test Answers

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1
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A single atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons. Which element is it?

A
V
B
Na
C
Mg
D
Se
2
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Which element has 32 protons in its nucleus?

A
phosphorus
B
cobalt
C
germanium
D
sulfur
3

A student is using a copper strip and a strong chlorine solution in her experiment. Which of these is a chemical property of one of her materials?

A
density of the copper strip
B
reactivity of the copper strip
C
odor of the chlorine solution
D
color of the chlorine solution
4

Which statement describes an intensive property of matter?

A
It is the same for every sample of a single substance.
B
It depends on how a substance was formed.
C
It is the same for every sample of every substance.
D
It depends on the amount of substance present.
5

The diagram below shows some subatomic particles.Which of these statements best identifies the particle that is labeled with an X?

Question illustration
A
It is either a nucleus or a proton.
B
It is either a proton or a neutron.
C
It is either a neutron or an electron.
D
It is either an electron or a nucleus.
6

Hydrogen has three isotopes 1H, 2H, and 3H. What is the difference between these three isotopes?

A
The number of protons ranges from 1 to 3.
B
The number of electrons ranges from 1 to 3.
C
The number of neutrons ranges from 0 to 2.
D
The number of protons ranges from 0 to 2.
7

Which process is a chemical change?

A
burning a match
B
boiling water
C
melting ice
D
breaking glass
8

Which term refers to a property that depends only on the amount of a substance?

A
flammability
B
extensive
C
intensive
D
reactivity
9

Which of these is an example of a physical change?

A
sugar dissolving in warm water
B
iron rusting in the presence of moist air
C
wood burning in the presence of oxygen
D
baking soda reacting with acid to form a gas
10

The diagram below shows some subatomic particles.What is the particle that is labeled with a question mark (?) in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
beta particle
B
quark
C
isotope
D
alpha particle
11

Which of these is an example of investigating an intensive property?

A
weighing sand in a bag
B
measuring the length of wire
C
determining if a rock is magnetic
D
recording the volume of water in a cylinder
12

A scientist observes that the electrical resistance of a superconducting material drops to zero when the material is cooled to very low temperatures. Which of the following statements best describes what the scientist is observing?

A
The scientist is observing the electrical power of a superconductor.
B
The scientist is observing the temperature of a superconductor.
C
The scientist is observing an intensive property of a superconductor.
D
The scientist is observing an extensive property of a superconductor.
13

Which procedure could a student use to examine an intensive property of a rectangular block of wood?

A
Find the mass.
B
Record the length.
C
Measure the volume.
D
Determine the density.
14

The table below gives the atomic mass and relative abundance values for the three isotopes of element M.Relative abundance (%)Atomic mass (amu)78.9923.985010.0024.985811.0125.9826What is the average atomic mass (in amu) of element M?

A
2.86
B
5.36
C
24.30
D
24.98
15

Which statement describes a physical property of copper?

A
It reacts with strong acids.
B
It can be reshaped by a force.
C
It ignites at high temperatures.
D
It can combine with oxygen.
16

Which is an example of a chemical change?

A
water evaporating from a puddle
B
cloth tearing when pulled
C
wood forming sawdust when cut
D
bread baking in an oven
17

The table below gives some characteristics of element Y.Characteristics of element YValuesMass number11Number of neutrons in a single atom6Average atomic mass (grams/mole)10.81What is the identity of element Y?

A
C
B
B
C
Na
D
S
18

The table below shows the freezing points of four substances.SubstanceFreezing point (°C)benzene5.50water0.00butane–138nitrogen–210.The substances are placed in separate containers at room temperature, and each container is gradually cooled. Which of these substances will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C?

A
benzene
B
water
C
butane
D
nitrogen
19

Which of these is an example of a physical change?

A
a banana ripening in the air
B
hydrogen burning in the air
C
zinc reacting with an acid
D
liquid water turning into vapor
20

Boron occurs naturally as two isotopes. What is the difference between these isotopes?

A
They have different numbers of electrons and different charges.
B
They have different numbers of neutrons and different charges.
C
They have different numbers of protons and different mass numbers.
D
They have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers.

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