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Technology and Society in the Industrial Age — Unit test Answers

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Read the quotation from Booker T. Washington's 1895 Atlanta Compromise Speech.“In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.” Which statement best describes the view Washington is expressing in this quotation?

A
Segregation creates anger, resulting in damage to society that can never be repaired.
B
In order to achieve social progress, people of different races must leave each other alone and develop independently.
C
Maintaining an individual and racial identity does not mean all people cannot work together.
D
In order to achieve social progress, people of different races must work together in every way.
2
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The government’s changing of American Indian policy caused

A
distrust of the federal government among American Indians.
B
trust of the federal government among American Indian tribes.
C
all American Indian tribes to resist federal government policies.
D
all American Indian tribes to accept federal government policies.
3

One of the main problems with the reservation system was that government agents

A
took land from settlers to give to American Indians.
B
dealt dishonestly with American Indian families.
C
dealt dishonestly with American Indian chiefs.
D
gave land to settlers who removed American Indians.
4

Read the quotation from Dr. Oswald P. Bronson, recalling his childhood under Jim Crow. “Even on our way to school some days, men would come by and throw oranges at us, sometimes rock perhaps. We [also] were very much aware of police brutality in that city at that time. We were conscious of the Ku Klux Klan riding around the town to keep everybody in check.” In this quotation, Dr. Bronson is describing

A
intimidation, scare tactics, and violence perpetrated by both the police and the Ku Klux Klan against African American citizens.
B
how the police protected African American citizens from intimidation, scare tactics, and violence perpetrated by the Ku Klux Klan.
C
conflicts between the police and the Ku Klux Klan that caused violence in the city in which he lived.
D
how residents protected each other from the Ku Klux Klan and the police in the city in which he lived.
5

How did John D. Rockefeller horizontally integrate his monopoly in 1882?

A
He created a trust that controlled ninety percent of the nation's oil refineries.
B
He created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks.
C
He purchased coal plants around the country to add to his business.
D
He purchased iron mines around the country to add to his business.
6

In the mid- to late 1800s, the US government granted land to railroad companies to expand their networks. What is another way that railroad companies used the land?

A
They mined the land for coal and other natural resources.
B
They sold some of the land to farmers and ranchers.
C
They built factories along the rail lines.
D
They created land preservations in order to protect the environment.
7

Which invention allowed the greatest personal freedom of travel?

A
the horse-drawn trolley
B
the automobile
C
the elevated train
D
the transcontinental railroad
8

How did speculators take advantage of the Homestead Act?

A
by catering to new markets
B
by promising homesteaders a reliable link to the East
C
by creating phony claims
D
by preparing the land for planting
9

How did elevated trains and subways improve urban transportation?

A
by using horses and carriages to commute
B
by making the automobile unnecessary
C
by transporting commuters without crowding city streets
D
by delivering fresh food to people in cities
10

Which statement best summarizes what US manufacturing had accomplished by 1900?

A
US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Britain, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.
B
US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized China, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.
C
US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Russia, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.
D
US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Latin American countries, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.
11

Look at the map.How did the railroads affect the relationship between eastern cities and the Great Plains?

Question illustration
A
Railroads brought settlers to cities in the East and crops and grain to farms in the Great Plains.
B
Railroads brought crops and grain to cities in the East and settlers to farms in the Great Plains.
C
Railroads brought settlers west, but did not bring anything east, so the relationship was not equal.
D
Railroads brought crops and grain east, but did not bring anything west, so the relationship was not equal.
12

How did the end of the Civil War help the Union Pacific Railroad?

A
It supplied the railroad with labor in the form of free African Americans.
B
It freed the government to give more money to the Union Pacific line.
C
It ended the labor shortage, as war veterans went to work on the railroad.
D
It encouraged more people to travel the railroad to settle in the West.
13

In the Gilded age, how did monopolies affect many small businesses?

A
Monopolies helped small businesses grow.
B
Monopolies forced small businesses to shut down.
C
Monopolies had no effect on small businesses.
D
Monopolies provided customers for small businesses.
14

How did the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad affect companies that made products?

A
Companies could hire people who worked in different states.
B
Companies could build factories in the rural West.
C
Companies could expand into the South.
D
Companies could ship goods cheaply over long distances.
15

Which of these inventors most directly contributed to changing the way people functioned during the evening?

A
Thomas Alva Edison
B
Alexander Graham Bell
C
Madam C. J. Walker
D
Samuel Morse
16

Which of these innovations was made possible by Alexander Graham Bell?

A
instant communication through the written word
B
instant communication between trains
C
instant communication through speech
D
instant communication using a special code
17

How did the federal government use land grants in the West in the 1860s?

A
The government gave land to the railroads to spur the development of a transcontinental railroad.
B
The government used land grants to relocate Indigenous People onto reservations.
C
The government slowed settlement of the West by withholding land grants until the Civil War was over.
D
The government offered land grants to free African Americans after the end of the Civil War.
18

As a consequence of the Dawes Act, by 1900, American Indians

A
had gained more land than they held in 1881.
B
had lost half the land they held in 1881.
C
had lost all the land they held in 1881.
D
had kept all of the land they held in 1881.
19

Which of the following best describes the reasons why the Dawes Act was passed?

A
The Dawes Act was passed to make American Indians property owners and to open up more land for white settlers.
B
The Dawes Act was passed to open up more land for American Indians and to provide protection from white settlers.
C
The Dawes Act was passed to take land away from American Indians and to move them to reservations.
D
The Dawes Act was passed to give American Indian families farmland and to end homesteading by white settlers.
20

What is a trust?

A
a large company or combined businesses that control a specific market
B
a large company that consists of two merged businesses
C
a business that buys another business
D
multiple businesses that combine and operate in one state

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