AnswersEnvironmental Science ASuccession and Extinction

Succession and Extinction — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which statement describes the relationship between plants, animals, and the carbon cycle?

A
Plants use carbon and release oxygen, and animals release carbon and use oxygen.
B
Animals fix carbon and release oxygen, and plants release carbon and use oxygen.
C
Animals fix carbon through respiration, and plants fix carbon through photosynthesis.
D
Plants use carbon when they decompose, and animals release carbon when they decompose.
2
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Ash trees are being removed when they show signs of the ash borer, a parasite that affects only ash trees and kills them off. What best explains why the ash trees are being cut down?

A
The ash borer is a density-independent limiting factor, and humans need to clear cut to control tree density.
B
The ash borer is a density-dependent limiting factor and will start to spread to nearby healthy trees.
C
Ash trees are outcompeting other trees and are thus more affected by the ash borer.
D
Changes in climate have decreased ash borer populations which indirectly increased the need for cutting down the trees.
3

Which human activity is correctly paired with the greenhouse gas that it increases?

A
rice cultivation and water vapor
B
landfilling and carbon dioxide
C
deforestation and methane
D
sewage treatment and nitrous oxide
4

The image shows a group of fish.

Question illustration
A
herding
B
dividing labor
C
schooling
D
flocking
5

How would an increase in nest sites affect a population of pigeons?

A
The population would decrease.
B
The population would increase.
C
The population would remain almost the same.
D
The population would be reduced the next year.
7

Rainforests around the world are being cleared at an alarming rate to make room for new communities, agriculture, mining, and roads, and to provide lumber for construction and furniture. How might the destruction of rainforests affect the balance of gases in Earth's atmosphere?

A
by increasing carbon dioxide and decreasing oxygen
B
by increasing carbon dioxide and increasing oxygen
C
by decreasing carbon dioxide and increasing oxygen
D
by decreasing carbon dioxideand decreasing oxygen
8

Which best describes how an organism’s niche is determined?

A
An organism's habitat and inherited traits determine its niche by influencing how it interacts with the environment and other organisms.
B
An organism’s reproductive rate and population size determine its niche in an ecosystem.
C
An organism's physical size and strength determine its niche by helping it dominate other species.
D
An organism's location and prey determine its nice, regardless of its behaviors or traits.
12

The map shows the distribution of wild boars in the United States (shaded area). Which of these facts about wild boars is best supported by the evidence provided?

Question illustration
A
Wild boars were brought to the United States by humans.
B
Wild boars have quickly spread through the United States.
C
Wild boars have established successfully mostly in areas with warm climates.
D
Wild boars have a high reproductive rate and no natural predators.
13

Review the picture below.Which would be the most accurate title for this picture?

Question illustration
p
primary succession after a controlled fire
p
primary succession after a volcanic eruption
s
secondary succession after a controlled fire
s
secondary succession after a volcanic eruption
14

Which determines carrying capacity?

A
logistic factors
B
exponential growth
C
population growth
D
limiting factors
15

Review the chart, which shows the population sizes of three African animals in 1990 and in 2000. Population Estimates of Animals in Africa in 1990 and in 2000 19902000Lions100,00047,000Cheetahs25,0007,500Zebras750,000450,000Which explanation is best supported by the numbers in the chart?

A
Lion and cheetah populations compete for the food source of zebras, and lions outcompete cheetahs.
B
The dwindling zebra population has led to the decline of the predator lion and cheetah populations.
C
Overhunting of lion and cheetah populations has led to a decline in the food source population.
D
Lion and cheetah populations compete for the food source of zebras, and cheetahs outcompete lions.
16

What would most likely happen if there were no condensation stage in the water cycle?

A
Water could not convert from a gas to a liquid.
B
Water could not convert from a liquid to a gas.
C
Water could not convert from transpiration to evaporation.
D
Water could not convert from precipitation to evaporation.
18

Which of these is an autotroph?

A
consumer
B
producer
C
carnivore
D
herbivore
19

Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration are part of the carbon cycle. Which statement best compares these two processes?

A
Both release carbon dioxide as waste.
B
Both provide organisms with usable energy.
C
Both add bacteria to the soil.
D
Both require fixation in order to convert molecules.
21

Which statement best compares consumers and decomposers?

A
Both get their energy by feeding on other organisms.
B
Both get their energy by photosynthesizing.
C
Consumers feed on other organisms, and decomposers make their own food.
D
Consumers make their own food, and decomposers feed on other organisms.

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