Answers26-27 WHS-Chemistry-1stSixWeeksThe History and Arrangement of the Periodic Table

The History and Arrangement of the Periodic Table — Unit test Answers

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When electrons are removed from the outermost shell of a calcium atom, the atom becomes

A
an anion that has a larger radius than the atom.
B
an anion that has a smaller radius than the atom.
C
a cation that has a larger radius than the atom.
D
a cation that has a smaller radius than the atom.
2
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Which element is the most reactive?

A
sodium
B
nickel
C
carbon
D
oxygen
3

Which physical method can be used for obtaining a sample of salt from a small beaker of salt water?

A
boiling
B
freezing
C
chromatography
D
sorting
4

In which orbitals would the valence electrons for selenium (Se) be placed?

A
s orbital and f orbital
B
s orbital only
C
s orbital and p orbital
D
d orbital only
5

To show the electron configuration for an atom, when would it be better to use an orbital notation than to use a written configuration with numbers, letters, and superscripts?

A
when the aim is to use less space
B
when the aim is to show electron spins
C
when the aim is to show orbital shapes in subshells
D
when the aim is to show electron distributions in shells
6

Which element has the largest atomic radius?

A
As
B
N
C
P
D
Sb
7

Which substance is a mixture?

A
table salt
B
gasoline
C
aluminum
D
carbon dioxide
8

Which set of numbers gives the correct possible values of l for n = 2?

A
0
B
0, 1
C
0, 1, 2
D
0, 1, 2, 3
9

Which element is classified as an alkali metal?

A
Rb
B
Sr
C
Zr
D
Cl
10

Which statement best describes how electrons fill orbitals in the periodic table?

A
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from left to right.
B
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from right to left.
C
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from top to bottom in each group.
D
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from bottom to top in each group.
11

How many valence electrons does aluminum (Al) have available for bonding?

A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
12

Which of the following symbols would be included in the noble gas notation for an element that had valence electrons in the 5s subshell?

A
Ar
B
Kr
C
Xe
D
Rn
13

Which best explains why ionization energy tends to decrease from the top to the bottom of a group?

A
The number of orbitals decreases.
B
The number of neutrons decreases.
C
Electrons get closer to the nucleus.
D
Electrons get farther from the nucleus.
14

Which characteristic is given by the angular momentum quantum number?

A
orbital size
B
orbital mass
C
orbital shape
D
orbital orientation
15

Which pure substance can be classified as an element?

A
H2
B
NO3
C
NaCl
D
H2SO4
16

Among the elements of the main group, the general trend in the first ionization energy moving across a period is not followed between group 2 and group 13. Which best explains these exceptions?

A
The ionization energy decreases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
B
The ionization energy increases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
C
The ionization energy decreases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
D
The ionization energy increases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
17

Which is a correct set of values of m for one of the subshells of n = 2?

A
–1, 0, 1
B
–1, –2, 0, 1, 2
C
–1, –2, –3, 0, 1, 2, 3
D
–1, –2, –3, –4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
18

Air is made up of different gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Which statement best describes these three components of air?

A
Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are all classified as pure substances.
B
Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide cannot react with another substance.
C
Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are chemically bonded to one another.
D
Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide can be classified as elements.
19

The elements of which group are nonreactive?

A
halogens
B
alkaline earth metals
C
noble gases
D
alkali metals
20

What is the atomic number of zirconium?

A
39
B
40
C
41
D
42

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