AnswersEAP-Biology B CRUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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A purebred plant that has yellow flowers is crossed with a purebred plant that has white flowers. All the offspring have yellow flowers. Which conclusion about yellow flowers is supported by these results?

A
Yellow flower color is a dominant trait.
B
Yellow flower color is a recessive trait.
C
Yellow flower color is a heterozygous trait.
D
Yellow flower color is a monohybrid trait.
2
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Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Studies have linked a common form of glaucoma to three genes and more than 20 genetic loci. Which best describes glaucoma?

A
a recessive trait that requires multiple recessive alleles to be expressed
B
a polygenic trait that is influenced by the alleles of several genes
C
a codominant trait that is expressed more often when more dominant alleles are present
D
a dominant trait that depends on the presence of only one of many dominant alleles
3

If a person has type B blood, which statement describes the antibodies present in his or her blood?

A
Only anti-A antibodies are present.
B
Only anti-B antibodies are present.
C
Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies are present.
D
Neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies are present.
4

Parkinson’s disease is a brain disorder that may be caused by mutations in several genes that code for the production of alpha-synuclein. Individuals who have Parkinson’s disease exhibit symptoms such as uncontrollable tremors, difficulty walking, and loss of coordination. How might geneticists determine where the mutations that cause Parkinson’s disease are located?

A
PCR analysis
B
gene mapping
C
DNA fingerprinting
D
STR analysis
5

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree. In the pedigree that is shown, which represents Irene's allele combination?

Question illustration
A
XhXh
B
XHXh
C
XHXH
D
XhY
6

A pea plant exhibits a recessive trait. Which statement is most likely true about the plant?

A
The plant is identical to its parent plant.
B
The plant has different alleles for the gene that codes for the trait.
C
The plant has two identical alleles for the gene that codes for the trait.
D
The plant does not have the same genes for the trait as its parent plant.
7

The results of Thomas Hunt Morgan’s last cross are shown in the Punnett square below. Which of Thomas Hunt Morgan's hypotheses was valid based on these results?

Question illustration
A
White eyes are lethal in female Drosophila.
B
White eyes are lethal in male Drosophila.
C
Female Drosophila with white eyes are homozygous recessive.
D
White eyes are the dominant trait in female Drosophila.
8

In peas, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). Which describes an organism that has nonidentical alleles for seed color?

A
yy and has green seeds
B
Yy and has yellow seeds
C
YY and has yellow seeds
D
Yy and has green seeds
9

Why are scientists concerned about the use of the Bt toxin, which is used to kill insects, in genetic engineering?

A
The Bt toxin is killing too many insects.
B
The Bt toxin stays in the soil for long periods of time.
C
The Bt toxin gene is not readily accepted by plants.
D
The Bt toxin has been known to cause disease in plants.
10

Which most directly describes a benefit of using DNA technology in medicine?

A
Medicine can be produced in mass quantities.
B
Medicine can be distributed at a reduced cost.
C
Medicines have fewer side effects.
D
Medicines are resistant to antibiotics.
11

Which is a potential negative consequence of using genetically engineered medicine?

A
Gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used, providing the possibility for humans to have increased antibiotic resistance.
B
Products that are used to genetically engineer medicine are poisonous.
C
Restriction enzymes are used to create the medicine and have been known to cause cancer.
D
Medicine that is created this way is less effective than medicine that is created the traditional way.
12

Which Punnett square represents a cross between two parents that are heterozygous for purple flowers?

A
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper F and f. The rows are labeled Upper F and f. Clockwise from upper left the boxes contain: Upper F Upper F, Upper F f, Upper F f, f f.
Option A
B
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled f and f. The rows are labeled f and f. Clockwise from upper left the boxes contain: f f, f f, f f, f f.
Option B
C
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper F and Upper F. The rows are labeled Upper F and Upper F. Clockwise from upper left the boxes contain: Upper F Upper F, Upper F Upper F, Upper F Upper F, Upper F Upper F.
Option C
D
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper F and Upper F. The rows are labeled Upper F and f. Clockwise from upper left the boxes contain: Upper F Upper F, Upper F Upper F, Upper F f, Upper F f.
Option D
13

Gregor Mendel used pea plants that were heterozygous for each of two traits—seed color and seed shape—to generate a dihybrid cross. The phenotypic ratio of the resulting offspring was nine with round and yellow seeds, three with round and green seeds, three with wrinkled and yellow seeds, and one with wrinkled and green seeds. From these results, what could Mendel conclude?

A
Traits are inherited as pairs, sets, or groups.
B
Traits that are dominant mask traits that are recessive.
C
Gametes carry one allele for each trait.
D
Traits are passed independently of one another.
14

Which of Mendel’s generations was allowed to self-pollinate?

A
F1 generation
B
P generation
C
F1 generation and F2 generation
D
P generation and F2 generation
15

A young boy has been found, and police are trying to locate his family. They take a DNA sample from him and begin collecting DNA samples from families who have missing children. If police use DNA samples only from the fathers, which type of DNA technology can they use to identify the boy's parent?

A
Y-chromosome analysis
B
mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) analysis
C
VNTRs (variable tandem repeats)
D
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis
16

Which DNA fingerprinting technique examines the length variation of DNA repeat sequences in human DNA?

A
variable tandem repeats analysis
B
polymerase chain reaction analysis
C
Y chromosome analysis
D
mitochondrial DNA analysis
17

Pedigrees are used to help geneticists understand how traits are inherited between generations. The Romanovs, a Russian royal family, had a history of hemophilia, a sex-linked disorder that is determined by a recessive allele on the X chromosome.What is the best evidence to prove that Irene was heterozygous for hemophilia?

Question illustration
A
Elizabeth is not a carrier for the trait.
B
Tatiana carried the recessive allele.
C
Her brother has hemophilia and her sister is a carrier.
D
Two of her sons have hemophilia and one does not.
18

Scientists have genetically engineered potato plants to produce potatoes that contain edible vaccines. Which is a disadvantage of the genetically engineered potatoes?

A
They are easier to transport and store than injectable vaccines (shots).
B
They make it easier to administer edible vaccines.
C
They are more expensive than potatoes without the vaccine.
D
They have nutritional value while potatoes without the vaccine do not.
19

Round seeds and yellow seed color are dominant to wrinkled seeds and green seed color. What is the probability of having offspring that have wrinkled seeds and yellow seed color for the cross RRYY ´ RrYy?

A
0 percent
B
25 percent
C
50 percent
D
100 percent
20

Mary has type A blood. Her son Bill has type AB blood. Which blood type does Bill's dad have if he is homogenous for blood type?

A
A
B
B
C
AB
D
O

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