AnswersBiology - SC3209 ICThe Digestive System

The Digestive System — Unit test Answers

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1
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A sample of tissue has been observed to be tightly packed and regenerative. What type of tissue is the sample?

A
epithelial
B
connective
C
nervous
D
muscle
2
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How does the respiratory system help build social relationships?

A
The respiratory system helps produce sound, which enables humans to communicate with one another.
B
The respiratory system helps prevent the spread of disease so humans are able to live in communities together.
C
The respiratory system helps humans have feelings and base decisions on those feelings.
D
The respiratory system helps humans remember and recall memories of friends and special times.
3

Charles is an engineer who is evaluating a prototype of an artificial heart. The prototype beats in a synchronized fashion, is hollow, and has tubes attached to it. It can be powered by electrical signals from the brain when it is interfaced with the appropriate nerves. What important feature should Charles notice the prototype is missing?

A
blood vessels to transport blood
B
a structure that would divide the hollow heart into chambers to separate oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood
C
a blood filtering mechanism to separate oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood
D
a structure to pump blood through the valves
4

Why might damage to the nervous tissue in the spinal cord lead to paralysis?

A
Damage results in the loss of signals to muscles that produce movement.
B
Damage results in the inability of the body to differentiate between voluntary and involuntary movement.
C
Damage results in the inability of the body to produce connective tissue to support movement.
D
Damage results in the decreased production of actin and myosin for contraction.
5

Which statement best describes the step in muscle contraction when the sarcomere is the shortest?

A
The sarcomere is contracted, and the actin and myosin filaments are partially overlapped.
B
The sarcomere is relaxed, and the actin and myosin filaments are partially overlapped.
C
The sarcomere is contracted, and the actin and myosin filaments are completely overlapped.
D
The sarcomere is relaxed, and the actin and myosin filaments are completely overlapped.
6

Which symptom would be expected from a malfunction in the peripheral nervous system?

A
fever
B
numbness
C
coughing
D
memory loss
7

What do structures B and C have in common?

Question illustration
A
Both contain chyme.
B
Both contain partially digested food.
C
Both contain waste material ready for removal.
D
Both contain stored food.
8

A team from New York Presbyterian hospital is conducting a study about a recent increase in cases involving both excess sweating and kidney stones. What would the team need before it draws a conclusion about the cases?

A
medications that are specifically designed to treat the sickness
B
machines that are built to process blood and reduce symptoms until patients are healthy again
C
data that profile the various patients who report these symptoms
D
proof that the excess sweating is related to the excessive kidney stones
9

The tibia, or shin bone, has a large bump on the top that allows for ligaments to connect to the knee. What is this projection called?

A
foramen
B
fossa
C
tubercle
D
irregularity
10

Asthma is a respiratory disorder that can cause the airways to temporarily constrict, or get narrower. Which function of the respiratory system is most affected by the narrowing of the airways?

A
water balance
B
air filtration
C
heat balance
D
gas exchange
11

What will happen if Richard’s friend jumps in front of him and scares him?

A
Richard’s central nervous system will take over, and his peripheral nervous system will have a lesser role.
B
Richard’s peripheral nervous system will take over, and his central nervous system will have a lesser role.
C
Richard’s sympathetic nervous system will take over, and his parasympathetic nervous system will have a lesser role.
D
Richard’s parasympathetic nervous system will take over, and his sympathetic nervous system will have a lesser role.
12

Meningitis is a disease that is characterized by swelling of the meninges that puts pressure on the brain. Which is least likely to be a symptom of this disease?

A
severe headache
B
swollen ankles
C
sensitivity to light
D
confusion
13

Fred is studying his notes from anatomy class. One list in his notes describes features of a CNS structure. anterior horns and posterior hornsgray matter inside, white matter outsidehippocampuscentral canalFred thinks this list contains an error. Which best describes the error?

A
Most items are features in the brain, but the gray and white matter locations correspond to the spinal cord.
B
Most items are features in the brain, but the horns are in the spinal cord.
C
Most items are features in the spinal cord, but the central canal is in the brain.
D
Most items are features in the spinal cord, but the hippocampus is in the brain.
14

A student makes the analogy that the cardiovascular system is like a highway. Why is this a good analogy?

A
Blood is made of many different kinds of cells.
B
The heart pumps blood through the veins.
C
The heart is centralized in the body.
D
Blood transports materials to and from different parts of the body.
15

A sudden change in the body’s salt and water balance would most likely be caused by a malfunction in which organ?

A
liver
B
kidney
C
bladder
D
lungs
16

The sternum is the flat bone in the middle of the chest that connects to the collar bones (clavicles) and the ribs.To which skeletal system does the sternum belong?

Question illustration
A
spongy skeleton
B
compact skeleton
C
axial skeleton
D
appendicular skeleton
17

Categorize the following: intestinal muscles, heart muscles, hand muscles, and neck muscles.

A
Intestinal and neck muscles are skeletal muscles; heart and hand muscles are smooth muscles.
B
Heart and neck muscles are long and slender; hand and intestinal muscles are spindle shaped.
C
Intestinal and heart muscles are involuntary muscles; hand and neck muscles are voluntary muscles.
D
Heart and intestinal muscles allow for big movements; hand and neck muscles allow for smooth movements.
18

The pharynx is the structure in the body that serves as a pathway of both air and food. How does the body make sure that food does not get into the lungs?

A
The salivary glands secrete enzymes that pull food out of the air pathway.
B
The small intestine pushes the air out of the digestive system.
C
The pancreas breaks down food in the air pathway.
D
The epiglottis closes the air pathway so that food will not enter it.
19

This picture represents an area of a blood vessel that has been weakened. What does this picture best represent?

Question illustration
A
high blood pressure
B
an aneurysm
C
coronary artery disease
D
a heart attack
20

What do the pancreas, liver, salivary glands, and gall bladder have in common?

A
They are all involved in mechanical digestion.
B
They are all accessory structures.
C
They all digest carbohydrates.
D
They all release digestive enzymes.

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