AnswersLincoln Biology A-CRUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which correctly describes crossing over?

A
the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material
B
the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
C
the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
D
the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate
2
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Which component of Earth’s atmosphere is decreased due to photosynthesis?

A
ozone
B
oxygen
C
hydrogen peroxide
D
carbon dioxide
3

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

A
accumulation of lactic acid
B
accumulation of oxygen
C
depletion of ethanol
D
depletion of carbon dioxide
4

A scientist hypothesized that oxygen atoms from both carbon dioxide and water are used to make glucose during photosynthesis. However, experimental results using oxygen isotopes showed that all of the oxygen from the water ended up in the oxygen molecules that were produced. None of the oxygen from water was found in glucose. What should the scientist do to best gain scientific understanding of this topic?

A
Analyze the results, and change the experimental methods to retest the hypotheses in a different way.
B
Discard the faulty results that do not support the original hypothesis, and repeat the experiment using the same methods.
C
Analyze the procedural errors that took place in the experiment, and summarize these in a conclusion statement.
D
Repeat the experiment and adjust new data to support the original hypothesis.
5

What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?

A
It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.
B
It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.
C
It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
D
It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.
6

What is the end result of meiosis?

A
four identical daughter cells
B
four different daughter cells
C
two identical daughter cells
D
two different daughter cells
7

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

A
grow into giant super cells.
B
undergo meiosis.
C
become cancer cells.
D
produce two identical cells.
8

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

A
rest prior to cell division
B
growth of cell and replication of DNA
C
dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane
D
division of cytoplasm
9

Which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

A
lactic acid formation
B
acetyl CoA formation
C
electron transport
D
Krebs cycle
10

Meiosis occurs in a series of different phases and creates genetically unique reproductive cells. Which process helps make meiotic cells genetically different and occurs during prophase I, but not during prophase II?

A
fertilization
B
independent assortment
C
crossing over
D
chromosome replication
11

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

A
Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.
B
Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.
C
More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
D
More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
12

The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here:6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2What information is not given in this equation.

Question illustration
A
It does not show if the reaction is reversible
B
It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction
C
It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
D
It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.
13

The illustration below shows the steps of meiosis I. What is the step that is labeled D?

Question illustration
A
metaphase I
B
metaphase II
C
telophase II
D
telophase I
14

How has the study of mitosis affected scientists’ knowledge of cancer?

A
It led to a study of how to induce cancer cells to divide more rapidly.
B
It led to an understanding of how cancer cells divide so rapidly.
C
It led to the development of contact-inhibition regulators.
D
It led to the discovery of how to prevent cancer cells from dividing.
15

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
centriole
B
chromosome
C
centromere
D
spindle
16

After Frida stops exercising, she continues to breathe heavily. What is most likely occurring in her body?

A
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced an oxygen surplus in her muscles. This oxygen is being transported to her lungs. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
B
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced a carbon dioxide surplus in her muscles. Lactate is being transported to her liver. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
C
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in carbon dioxide debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
D
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in oxygen debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
17

Which is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A
mc009-1.jpg
Option A
B
mc009-2.jpg
Option B
C
mc009-3.jpg
Option C
D
mc009-4.jpg
Option D
18

How many chromosomes does a child inherit from his or her parents?

A
23 from the mother and 23 from the father
B
46 from the mother
C
46 from the father
D
46 from the mother and 46 from the father
19

An example of mitosis at work is a plant root

A
elongating.
B
absorbing.
C
pointing down.
D
breaking.
20

Which three processes are methods of genetic recombination?

A
natural selection, crossing over, and independent assortment
B
crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
C
independent assortment, fertilization, and natural selection
D
fertilization, natural selection, and crossing over

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