AnswersTX-Integrated Physics and Chemistry A-CRUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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The descriptions below explain two ways that water is used by plants on a sunny day.I. In a process called transpiration, some liquid water in leaves changes to water vapor. The water vapor is released into the air through tiny pores in the leaves. This allows more liquid water from the soil to be pulled up the roots and stem to replace water lost from the leaves.II. Plants use some of this water in leaves in a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide break apart and recombine to form two new substances, oxygen and glucose.

A
In transpiration, because some of its properties change, water undergoes a physical change but keeps its identity. In photosynthesis, because its identity changes, water undergoes a chemical change.
B
In transpiration, because some of its properties change, water undergoes a chemical change but keeps its identity. In photosynthesis, because its identity changes, water undergoes a physical change.
C
In transpiration, because its physical properties change, water undergoes a physical change and loses its identity. In photosynthesis, because it keeps its identity, water undergoes a chemical change.
D
In transpiration, because its chemical properties change, water undergoes a chemical change and loses its identity. In photosynthesis, because it keeps its identity, water undergoes a physical change.
2
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Which would show an example of how physical changes are reversible?

A
cutting a gold bar in two pieces and then putting the pieces next to each other
B
burning a match and then relighting it
C
melting tin and then cooling it into a mold
D
combining sodium and chlorine to make the new material of table salt
3

The diagram shows changes of state between solid, liquid, and gas. The atoms of a substance gain energy during a change of state. Before the change, the atoms are close together and cannot slide past one another. After the change, the substance can fill its container.

Question illustration
A
L
B
M
C
N
D
O
4

Which is the process by which a gas changes to a solid?

A
deposition
B
evaporation
C
freezing
D
sublimation
5

Which describes a feature of the physical changes of all substances?

A
can dissolve in water
B
can conduct heat and electricity
C
rearranges atoms to form new substances
D
does not change the identity of a substance
6

Venn diagrams are used for comparing and contrasting different topics. The overlapping sections show characteristics that the topics have in common, and the sections that are unique to each topic show the characteristics apply to only that topic.

Question illustration
A
Overlapping circles are labeled definite shape most dense at top, mid-level density at right, definite volume least dense at left, with the intersection labeled state of matter.
Option A
B
Overlapping circles are labeled definite shape most dense at top, mid-level density at right, least dense at left, with the intersection of all three labeled state of matter. The intersection of the top and right circles is labeled definite volume.
Option B
C
Overlapping circles are labeled definite shape most dense at top, definite volume mid-level density at right, least dense at left, with the intersection of all three labeled state of matter. The intersection of the left and right circles is labeled definite shape.
Option C
D
Overlapping circles are labeled definite shape least dense at top, definite mid-level density at right, most dense at left, with the intersection of all three labeled state of matter. The intersection of the left and right circles is labeled definite shape.
Option D
7

Which procedure would best allow a scientist to observe a chemical property of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution?

A
cooling the HCl solution until it becomes solid, and measuring this temperature
B
adding zinc to the HCl solution and observing whether or not bubbles are produced
C
placing a conductivity probe into a beaker of HCl solution to determine if it conducts electricity
D
measuring the mass of and volume of a sample of HCl solution to find its density
8

A substance occupies one half of an open container. The atoms of the substance are closely packed but are still able to slide past each other.What is most likely the phase of the substance?

A
gas
B
liquid
C
solid and gas
D
liquid and solid
9

Tijuan mixed a solid and a liquid together in a beaker. He determined that a chemical change occurred.

A
ice mixed into warm oil, because the change of state that occurred when the ice melted cannot be reversed
B
baking soda mixed into vinegar, because the production of bubbles indicates that a new substance formed
C
sugar mixed into hot water, because the disappearance of solid indicates that the chemical identity of the sugar changed
D
sand mixed into water, because when sand was added the mass of the beaker increased
10

Sari is studying four different samples of materials. This table shows the mass and volume of the samples.

Question illustration
A
W and Y
B
X
C
X, W, and Y
D
Z
11

Suppose that a substance in a beaker is heated over a burner in a science lab. Which observation would most likely indicate that a chemical change has occurred in the substance?

A
If the substance is a liquid or solid, an increase in temperature would indicate a chemical change.
B
If the substance is a liquid, a change of some of the liquid to gaseous form would indicate a chemical change.
C
If the substance is a solid, a change of some of the solid to liquid form would indicate a chemical change.
D
If the substance is a liquid or solid, production of an odor would indicate a chemical change.
12

Three grams of the same substance in different phases are stored in three different containers. Each container is barely large enough to hold the substance.Which statement can be known about the behavior of the atoms in each container?

A
The atoms in the solid would be moving vigorously around the container.
B
The atoms in the liquid would be vibrating in position.
C
The atoms in the solid would be vibrating in position.
D
The atoms in the gas would be moving slowly around the container.
13

Which is most likely a physical change?

A
cutting a substance into four pieces
B
burning a substance into ash and smoke
C
reacting a substance chemically to form a new substance
D
combining a substance with water to make rust
14

During which change of state do atoms lose energy?

A
sublimation
B
freezing
C
boiling
D
melting
15

The density of solid aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3. If a 1g piece of aluminum is dropped in a cup of water, what will happen to the aluminum? (The density of water is 1.00 g/cm3.)

A
It will sink to the bottom.
B
It will float to the top.
C
It will hover in the middle.
D
It will move up and down.
16

Rahul sees a flock of birds. He watches as the flying birds land in neat little rows on several power lines. Which change of state does the motion of the birds most closely model?

A
melting
B
vaporization
C
deposition
D
sublimation
17

Which statement best describes the energy changes associated with evaporation and boiling?

A
Atoms gain energy during evaporation and boiling.
B
Atoms lose energy during evaporation and boiling.
C
Atoms gain energy during evaporation but lose energy during boiling.
D
Atoms lose energy during evaporation but gain energy during boiling.
18

Which statement best describes the atoms in a solid?

A
They are held together by strong attractions.
B
They slide past each other.
C
They are located far apart.
D
They spread to fill available space.
19

Liquid plastic is frozen in a physical change that increases its volume. What can be known about the plastic after the change?

A
Its mass will increase.
B
Its density will increase.
C
Its mass will remain the same.
D
Its density will remain the same.
20

Which statement best describes the atoms in a gas?

A
They vibrate in place.
B
They stay in a fixed position.
C
They are closely packed.
D
They move freely in all directions.

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