AnswersNY-US History and Government Term 2 HillcrestThe Civil Rights Movement Begins

The Civil Rights Movement Begins — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which of the following best describes how Brown v. Board of Education affected the United States?

A
It forced the Southern states to desegregate their schools.
B
It allowed Linda Brown to attend a better public school.
C
It led to the end of the Southern Manifesto.
D
It dealt a blow to segregation in public facilities.
2
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A result of the Freedom Summer campaign was that

A
the number of African American voters in Mississippi increased significantly.
B
African Americans were not convinced to turn out to register to vote.
C
white registration workers rejected most African American applications.
D
African American registered voters in Mississippi out-numbered white voters.
3

Which did President Kennedy send to the universities of Alabama and Mississippi in 1963?

A
civil rights leaders
B
police officers
C
the media
D
federal troops
4

Which of the following best summarizes the career of Thurgood Marshall?

A
Marshall was a minister who, along with the NAACP, filed a lawsuit to allow his daughter to attend an all-white elementary school.
B
Marshall played baseball in the Negro American League, attended UCLA, and became the first African American to play Major League Baseball.
C
After founding the NAACP, Marshall was appointed the first African American Supreme Court justice.
D
After working for the NAACP and winning twenty-nine court cases, Marshall was appointed to the Supreme Court.
5

What did the Supreme Court decide in Sweatt v. Painter?

A
The order to segregate Texas graduate schools was constitutional.
B
The order to desegregate Texas graduate schools was unconstitutional.
C
The separate Texas law school for African American students was equal to the University of Texas Law School.
D
The separate Texas law school for African American students was not equal to the University of Texas Law School.
6

Which of the following best describes how the Supreme Court voted in Brown v. Board of Education?

A
The court voted to end public school segregation.
B
The court voted to hold a national debate on public school segregation.
C
The court voted to leave public school segregation up to individual states.
D
The court voted to maintain public school segregation.
7

In 1964, the Congress of Racial Equality and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee launched

A
the Birmingham Campaign.
B
a campaign to integrate all-white schools.
C
the Children’s Crusade.
D
a campaign to register African American voters.
8

James Meredith took his case against the University of Mississippi to

A
the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
B
the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.
C
the US Supreme Court.
D
the university’s admissions board.
9

Which occurred after James Meredith won the right to legally attend the University of Mississippi?

A
The governor and university officials blocked him from enrolling.
B
State police protected him so that he could enroll.
C
Riots that broke out prevented him from enrolling.
D
The governor and university officials helped him enroll.
10

Which of the following best describes the 1957 events at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

A
Governor Faubus resisted the school’s integration with National Guard troops, and President Eisenhower sent federal troops to enforce integration.
B
Under Governor Faubus, Little Rock police first fought, then enforced, the order to integrate the school.
C
President Eisenhower sent National Guard troops to resist the school’s integration, but Governor Faubus obtained a court order to dismiss them.
D
President Eisenhower and Governor Faubus worked together to make the integration process run as smoothly as possible.
11

What thoughts did President Kennedy most likely have in reaction to the violence in Birmingham?

A
New laws would have to give more freedom to whites.
B
New laws were needed to protect the rights of African Americans.
C
Old laws would have to remain in place “as is.”
D
African Americans would have to pass laws on their own behalf.
12

Which best describes the response of authorities in Birmingham, Alabama, to civil rights protests in the 1960s?

A
They sometimes used violence to resist the protests.
B
They agreed with the protesters' aims.
C
They came to accept, over time, the presence of the protesters.
D
They responded peacefully to the protesters.
13

Which word best describes the response of the public to the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church on September 15, 1963?

A
outrage
B
acceptance
C
indifference
D
approval
14

The main goal of the Freedom Summer campaign was

A
integrating public schools.
B
integrating lunch counters.
C
registering African Americans to vote.
D
boycotting segregated public buses.
15

What was the purpose of the Southern Manifesto?

A
To serve as a guide for NAACP leaders working towards desegregation in the South
B
To pledge to restore and maintain order and to ensure the protection of African American children during the desegregation of Southern schools
C
To condemn the Brown decision and declare an intention of Southern governments to oppose integration
D
To challenge the Brown ruling with an application for an appeal to the highest federal court
16

The Universities of Alabama and Mississippi were able to integrate because

A
their governors decided to accept it.
B
civil rights activists led nonviolent protests.
C
the federal government became involved.
D
the state government became involved.
17

Which of the following encouraged the NAACP to become involved with Reverend Oliver Brown’s lawsuit against a board of education in Kansas?

A
the Southern Manifesto against desegregation
B
the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
C
the election of Senator Harry Byrd to the US Senate
D
the Supreme Court’s decision in Sweatt v. Painter
18

Which occurred when James Meredith applied to the University of Mississippi?

A
He was admitted to the university.
B
He was blocked from enrolling.
C
He led protests to attend the university.
D
He decided not to attend after being harassed.
19

What was the difference between the Supreme Court decisions in Sweatt v. Painter and Brown v. Board of Education?

A
Sweatt ruled that “separate but equal” graduate and professional schools were constitutional. Brown overturned that decision.
B
Sweatt struck down “separate but equal” public schools. Brown struck down “separate but equal” graduate schools.
C
Sweatt struck down “separate but equal” graduate and professional schools. Brown struck down “separate but equal” public schools.
D
Sweatt concerned African American voting rights. Brown concerned equal access to education for African Americans.
20

Which of the following names an NAACP member who became the first African American Supreme Court justice?

A
Heman Sweatt
B
Thurgood Marshall
C
Branch Rickey
D
Jackie Robinson

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