AnswersGA-GSE Earth Systems BHuman Impact on Resources ESS4.1/4.2

Human Impact on Resources ESS4.1/4.2 — Unit test Answers

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In the 1980s laws were passed to reduce the amount of certain chemicals used by companies and individuals. According to these laws, the use of chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, should be reduced and eventually eliminated. These compounds contain chlorine and cause problems when released into the Earth’s atmosphere.

A
nonnative species introduction
B
non-sustainable harvesting
C
ozone layer depletion
D
eutrophication
2
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Which environmental policy must consider the expensive startup costs associated with building machines that harvest energy from clean sources?

A
reducing air pollution
B
regulating deforestation
C
introducing new farming methods
D
protecting ocean reefs
3

Which statement describes the current theory about the relationship between the human population and mass extinction?

A
The human population is increasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is also increasing.
B
The human population is increasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is decreasing.
C
The human population is decreasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is also decreasing.
D
The human population is decreasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is increasing.
4

How does the construction of dams positively affect natural resources?

A
by providing water for irrigation and restoring trees to areas where forests once existed
B
by creating reservoirs, preventing flooding, and renewing destroyed ecosystems
C
by preventing flooding, creating reservoirs, and providing water for irrigation
D
by renewing destroyed ecosystems and restoring trees to areas where forest once existed
5

The image illustrates a human-induced environmental change.

Question illustration
A
pollution
B
wildlife hazard
C
eutrophication
D
non-sustainable harvesting
6

Which statement explains how smog forms?

A
Volcanoes erupt and release ash into the sky.
B
Strong storms pick up soil and mix it with fog.
C
Sunlight and heat react with gases in the atmosphere.
D
Gases move high into the atmosphere and then fall to Earth in rain.
7

Why is urbanization contributing to pollution?

A
People in urban areas strip the soil of nutrients and make it difficult to grow crops.
B
People in urban areas consume more energy, food, and water.
C
People in urban areas remove minerals and metals from the ground, which increases erosion.
D
People in urban areas log forests and mine, which causes climate change.
8

Which best explains the effect of reforestation on land?

A
It allows crops to grow in wide steps along slopes.
B
It turns land slowly into desert.
C
It turns habitable land uninhabitable.
D
It restores trees to areas where they once grew.
9

Which human-induced change results in increased competition caused by an initial increase in the number of organisms in a habitat?

A
non-sustainable harvesting
B
nonnative species introduction
C
ozone layer depletion
D
mass extinction
10

Which statement provides the best argument in favor of deforestation?

A
Deforestation prevents erosion of farmland.
B
Deforestation prevents air and water pollution.
C
Deforestation does not affect climate around the globe.
D
Deforestation opens up land for mining and cattle ranching.
11

Which chemicals are major contributors to ozone layer destruction? Select two answer choices.phosphorusnitrogenbrominechlorinecarbon dioxidemethane

A
phosphorus
B
nitrogen
C
bromine
D
chlorine
E
carbon dioxide
F
methane
12

Which statements describe global warming? Select two answer choices.Global warming can be decreased through deforestation.Global warming occurs naturally.Global warming results from the buildup of nutrients in runoff.Global warming is likely increased by humans.Global warming is enhanced by nonnative species.

A
Global warming can be decreased through deforestation.
B
Global warming occurs naturally.
C
Global warming results from the buildup of nutrients in runoff.
D
Global warming is likely increased by humans.
E
Global warming is enhanced by nonnative species.
13

What process leads to deforestation and increased erosion?

A
mining
B
reforestation
C
desertification
D
urbanization
14

Which of the following are examples of short-term, human-induced environmental changes? Select three answer choices. mass extinctionglobal warmingdeforestationozone layer destructionpollution

A
mass extinction
B
global warming
C
deforestation
D
ozone layer destruction
E
pollution
15

Leon made a study chart about human-induced changes to the environment. Environmental Changes Caused by HumansXYResults from introducing harmful substances into the environmentExample: oil spillResults from natural areas being cleared and replaced by human developmentExample: deforestation

A
X: Habitat DestructionY: Pollution
B
X: Long-Term ChangesY: Short-Term Changes
C
X: Short-Term ChangesY: Long-Term Changes
D
X: PollutionY: Habitat Destruction
16

Which is a negative effect of deforestation on the environment?

A
habitat restoration
B
desertification
C
soil production
D
urbanization
17

How has the EPA improved air quality over the last 30 years?

A
by monitoring pollutants and passing regulations to reduce air pollution
B
by decreasing soil erosion and dust storms
C
by building marine refuges to help protect marine life and reduce air pollution
D
by decreasing of fossil fuel use in motor vehicles and industry
18

Which of the following are effects of environmental change on populations?

A
speciation and a decrease in resources
B
loss of habitat and impacts on growth and development
C
a decrease in resources and loss of habitat
D
speciation and extinction
19

What is the most effective way to protect dry lands from desertification?

A
terrace farming
B
mine digging
C
planting a tree belt
D
constructing a dam
20

Ariel drew a diagram to compare two human-induced environmental changes.

Question illustration
A
Introduces substances into an environment
B
Involves the overhunting of resources
C
Causes organisms to use up resources
D
Results from the building of roads and bridges

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