AnswersNY-Life Science Biology Term 1 HillcrestUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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What can a person do to limit exposure to X-rays?

A
wear sunblock
B
avoid cigarette smoke
C
wear a protective lead vest
D
avoid chemicals
2
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Lactase is a protein in the digestive tract that helps break down certain sugars found in milk. What is the main function of lactase?

A
to provide structure
B
to fight disease
C
to maintain homeostasis
D
to regulate cell reactions
3

What is the end result of meiosis?

A
four identical daughter cells
B
four different daughter cells
C
two identical daughter cells
D
two different daughter cells
4

Which process is part of translation but not transcription?

A
A DNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
B
A tRNA template is used to create a DNA strand.
C
A tRNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
D
An mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain.
5

Which of the following correctly organizes these genetic terms in order from smallest to largest?

A
chromosome, gene, nucleotide, DNA molecule
B
nucleotide, gene, DNA molecule, chromosome
C
DNA molecule, nucleotide, gene, chromosome
D
DNA molecule, nucleotide, chromosome, gene
6

A caterpillar has an exoskeleton and feeds on many leaves before it makes a cocoon and becomes a butterfly.Which type of organism is a caterpillar?

A
an autotroph and an invertebrate
B
a heterotroph and an invertebrate
C
an autotroph and a vertebrate
D
a heterotroph and a vertebrate
7

Maria is concerned because she has been exposed to a small amount of radiation during an X-ray. What is her doctor most likely to tell her?

A
Radiations from X-rays is not a mutagen.
B
Mutagens have no effect on the body unless you have inherited them.
C
Small amounts of a mutagen often do not have an effect on health.
D
Severe mutations are usually caused by small amounts of a mutagen.
8

Which terms best complete the chart about characteristics of human development between fertilization and birth?Stages of Human GestationFirst trimesterSecond trimesterThird trimester- Embryo develops- Organs begin to develop- (1)- Starts swallowing- Fat begins to develop- (2)- All organs are developed- Can hear and see- (3)

A
(1) Facial features form(2) Heartbeat can be heard(3) Nerve cells develop rapidly
B
(1) Heartbeat can be heard(2) Nerve cells develop rapidly(3) Facial features form
C
(1) Nerve cells develop rapidly(2) Facial features form(3) Heartbeat can be heard
D
(1) Facial features form(2) Nerve cells develop rapidly(3) Heartbeat can be heard
9

GymnospermsAngiospermsFernsMosses

A
Gymnosperms
B
Angiosperms
C
Ferns
D
Mosses
10

Which best summarizes the process of protein synthesis?

A
RNA instructs DNA to make proteins.
B
DNA unzips, resulting in the formation of two protein molecules.
C
RNA moves the DNA code to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
D
DNA makes proteins in the nucleus.
11

Which correctly describes crossing over?

A
the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material
B
the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
C
the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
D
the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate
12

How many genes make up the human genome?

A
four: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
B
23 pairs of genes
C
20,000–25,000 genes
D
3 billion genes
13

Which of these is the primary site of protein synthesis?

A
mitochondria
B
cytoplasm
C
nucleus
D
ribosomes
14

During a third-trimester ultrasound, what would a doctor expect to observe in a fetus?

A
initial development of organs
B
response to noise and light
C
presence of a tail-like structure
D
the first heartbeat
15

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

A
rest prior to cell division
B
growth of cell and replication of DNA
C
dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane
D
division of cytoplasm
16

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

A
grow into giant super cells.
B
undergo meiosis.
C
become cancer cells.
D
produce two identical cells.
17

Meiosis occurs in a series of different phases and creates genetically unique reproductive cells. Which process helps make meiotic cells genetically different and occurs during prophase I, but not during prophase II?

A
fertilization
B
independent assortment
C
crossing over
D
chromosome replication
18

Which of the following has the smallest number of cells?

A
blastocyst
B
zygote
C
fetus
D
embryo
19

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
centriole
B
chromosome
C
centromere
D
spindle
20

A disorder causes a human offspring to have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. In which process was there most likely a malfunction?

A
birth
B
blastocyst formation
C
fetal development
D
gametogenesis

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