Read the excerpt from "Finding Unity in the Alabama Coal Mines.”The UMWA’s efforts were so successful that they influenced practices in other trade unions as well. In 1901, arguments raised by UMWA members led to the repeal of discriminatory practices at the Birmingham Trades Council, the organization to which all unions in the city of Birmingham belonged.Two years later, in 1903, the coal companies began to assert significant power against the union, denying union contracts and instituting policies of hiring only non-union employees. In 1908, under the auspices of the Alabama Coal Operators Association, company owners voted to cut worker wages by seventeen percent.
Read the excerpt from "Finding Unity in the Alabama Coal Mines.”Nevertheless, the UMWA was able to bridge the racial divide in that state, forming a powerful interracial labor union fifty years before the civil rights movement of the 1950s and ’60s would make racial integration the rule of the land.
Read the excerpt from "Finding Unity in the Alabama Coal Mines.”The southern state of Alabama was a stronghold for Jim Crow practices. Nevertheless, the UMWA was able to bridge the racial divide in that state, forming a powerful interracial labor union fifty years before the civil rights movement of the 1950s and ’60s would make racial integration the rule of the land.
Which excerpt from the letter to the editor includes an opinion?
Read the excerpt from "Mending Wall.”He moves in darkness as it seems to me,Not of woods only and the shade of trees.He will not go behind his father's saying,And he likes having thought of it so wellHe says again, "Good fences make good neighbors."
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